GNURADIO中USRP组件的介绍

 

GNURADIO中USRP组件的介绍

1，搜索组件USRP，可以看到SOURCE 和SINK组件。

 

1. 我们放置source和sink，之后数据段口链接起来。

 

1. 双击USRP_SOURCE看设置：

 

这里我们看到有很多参数可以设置，这些参数都是传递给UHD的。一个一个看：

OUTPUT TYPE : 输出类型，COMPLEX 是复数的意思，实际包含实部和虚部。

 

 

我们一般选的是COMPLEX FLAOT32。

 STREAM CHANNELS不填写默认是通道A等效于[1]，如果要用两通道就要写入[1,2].我试验过只写[2]，就不能正常运行。

DEVICE ADDRESS：如果接了多个USRP可以在这里写进去参数，指定某一台运行。USB的设备是指定SERIAL_NO=171772，这样类似；如果是用光口或者以太网链接的网络版的USRP可以指定IP_ADDRESS=192.168.1.122.

CLOCK SOURCE:这是设置时钟的，其中EXTERNAL 是设置为外接10M时钟输入，O/B GPSDO表示接内置的GPSDO模块。

NUM BOARDS和NUMBER CHANNELS，其中NUM BOARDS 我们这边始终设置为1，B210用双路的话NUM CHANNELS就可以选择2,这样两路接收。

因为这些参数都是传递给UHD，所以可以可以关注一下NUM BOARDS的含义。

SAMPLE RATES是一个很重要指标，就是基带的采样率，这里设置了一个参数sample_rate，是个全局变量，可以在和别的模块一起共享定义在外部全局的变量。

这个标签里面还有其他的选项，是别的USRP外设支持的性能，咱们B210不支持，所以可以看看，琢磨下什么意思，以后需要再说。

ADVANCED这个标签如下我们实际没有用过。

 

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RF OPTIONS标签这里内容比较重要，CENTER FREQ是射频中心频率，AGC是自动增益调节，根据信号强弱自动调整信号的放大倍数。

GAIN TYPE 可以选绝对数值ABSOLUTE，此时GAIN VALUE就是实际的增益倍数（应该是0-90）。

GAIN TYPE 可以选绝对数值NOMALIZED，此时GAIN VALUE就是取值范围[0,1]。其中0最小，1最大。

ANTENNA：天线可以是RX1,RX2,或者TX/RX(这是一个复用的口，对应一个SMA接口，可以做发射也可以做接收)。

BANDWIDTH是带通滤波器的带宽，默认为0，实际就是最大。其他非0数值就是实际带宽设置。这个数值一般不用。

 

 

 

FE CORRECTIONS 标签 这个实际没有用到，但是在UHD里面有对应处理。暂时可以先忽略。

 

DOCUMENT 标签栏如下没啥说的，可以学习学习。

 

这里复制出来这些内容，不多但是需要读明白：

Wiki Page for this Block: https://wiki.gnuradio.org/index.php/UHD:_USRP_Source

The UHD USRP Source Block:

Device Address:

The device address is a delimited string used to locate UHD devices on your system.     If left blank, the first UHD device found will be used.     Use the device address to specify a specific device or list of devices.

USRP1 Example: serial=12345678

USRP2 Example: addr=192.168.10.2

USRP2 Example: addr0=192.168.10.2, addr1=192.168.10.3

Out Type:

This parameter controls the data type of the stream in gnuradio.

Wire Format:

This parameter controls the form of the data over the bus/network.     Complex bytes may be used to trade off precision for bandwidth.     Not all formats are supported on all devices.

Stream Args:

Optional arguments to be passed in the UHD streamer object.     Streamer args is a list of key/value pairs; usage is determined by the implementation.

Ex: the scalar key affects the scaling between 16 and 8 bit integers in sc8 wire format.

Num Motherboards:

Selects the number of USRP motherboards in this device configuration.

Reference Source:

Where the motherboard should sync its time and clock references.

If source and sink blocks reference the same device,

it is only necessary to set the reference source on one of the blocks.

Subdevice specification:

Each motherboard should have its own subdevice specification     and all subdevice specifications should be the same length.     Select the subdevice or subdevices for each channel using a markup string.     The markup string consists of a list of dboard_slot:subdev_name pairs (one pair per channel).     If left blank, the UHD will try to select the first subdevice on your system.     See the application notes for further details.

Single channel example: :AB

Dual channel example: :A :B

Num Channels:

Selects the total number of channels in this multi-USRP configuration.

Ex: 4 motherboards with 2 channels per board = 8 channels total

Sample rate:

The sample rate is the number of samples per second input by this  block.     The UHD device driver will try its best to match the requested sample rate.     If the requested rate is not possible, the UHD block will print an error at runtime.

Center frequency:

The center frequency is the overall frequency of the RF chain.     For greater control of how the UHD tunes elements in the RF chain,     pass a tune_request object rather than a simple target frequency.

Tuning with an LO offset example: uhd.tune_request(freq, lo_off)

Tuning without DSP: uhd.tune_request(target_freq, dsp_freq=0,     dsp_freq_policy=uhd.tune_request.POLICY_MANUAL)

Antenna:

For subdevices with only one antenna, this may be left blank.     Otherwise, the user should specify one of the possible antenna choices.     See the daughterboard application notes for the possible antenna choices.

Bandwidth:

To use the default bandwidth filter setting, this should be zero.     Only certain subdevices have configurable bandwidth filters.     See the daughterboard application notes for possible configurations.

Length tag key (Sink only):

When a nonempty string is given, the USRP sink will look for length tags     to determine transmit burst lengths.

See the UHD manual for more detailed documentation:

http://uhd.ettus.com

4,我们看USRP_SINK也有同样的标签和内容，含义也都一样，只是要注意SOURE是接收，SINK的发射。（接收机收到数据是后续处理的源泉，发送模块发送了之前模块生成的数据，之后再无数据，实际就是吸收sink了）。

这里注意source和sink的RF CENTER FREQUENCE可以设置不一样，因为收发芯片AD9361有独立的射频频率生成器。但是两者额SAMPLE RATE必须一样，因为他们都是通过一套通讯接口传输基带信号。这些我在介绍AD9361芯片方面会做介绍。