【TF2.0-CNN】多分类学习（石头剪子布）

【例1】

import tensorflow as tf
from keras_preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator

'''
!wget --no-check-certificate \
    https://storage.googleapis.com/laurencemoroney-blog.appspot.com/rps.zip \
    -O /tmp/rps.zip

!wget --no-check-certificate \
    https://storage.googleapis.com/laurencemoroney-blog.appspot.com/rps-test-set.zip \
    -O /tmp/rps-test-set.zip
'''

import zipfile

local_zip = '/tmp/rps.zip'
zip_ref = zipfile.ZipFile(local_zip, 'r')
zip_ref.extractall('/tmp/')
zip_ref.close()

local_zip = '/tmp/rps-test-set.zip'
zip_ref = zipfile.ZipFile(local_zip, 'r')
zip_ref.extractall('/tmp/')
zip_ref.close()

training_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
      rescale = 1./255,
	  rotation_range=40,
      width_shift_range=0.2,
      height_shift_range=0.2,
      shear_range=0.2,
      zoom_range=0.2,
      horizontal_flip=True,
      fill_mode='nearest')

validation_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale = 1./255)

train_generator = training_datagen.flow_from_directory(
	"/tmp/rps/",
	target_size=(150,150),
	class_mode='categorical'
)

validation_generator = validation_datagen.flow_from_directory(
	"/tmp/rps-test-set/",
	target_size=(150,150),
	class_mode='categorical'
)


model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([
    tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(64, (3,3), activation='relu', input_shape=(150, 150, 3)),
    tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D(2, 2),
    tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(64, (3,3), activation='relu'),
    tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D(2,2),
    tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(128, (3,3), activation='relu'),
    tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D(2,2),
    tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(128, (3,3), activation='relu'),
    tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D(2,2),
    tf.keras.layers.Flatten(),
    tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.5),
    tf.keras.layers.Dense(512, activation='relu'),
    tf.keras.layers.Dense(3, activation='softmax')
])


model.summary()

model.compile(loss = 'categorical_crossentropy', optimizer='rmsprop', metrics=['accuracy'])
history = model.fit_generator(train_generator, epochs=25, validation_data = validation_generator, verbose = 1)

#model.save("rps.h5")

【重点1】数据生成器中的class_mode：二分类问题填"binary",多分类问题填"categorical"

train_generator = training_datagen.flow_from_directory(
	"/tmp/rps/",
	target_size=(150,150),
	class_mode='categorical'
)

【重点2】模型输出层的激活函数：二分类问题填"sigmoid",多分类问题填"softmax"

model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([
    tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(16, (3, 3), activation='relu', input_shape=(300, 300, 3)),
    tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D(2, 2),
    tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(32, (3, 3), activation='relu'),
    tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D(2, 2),
    tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(64, (3, 3), activation='relu'),
    tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D(2, 2),
    tf.keras.layers.Flatten(),
    tf.keras.layers.Dense(512, activation='relu'),
    #tf.keras.layers.Dense(1, activation='sigmoid')
    tf.keras.layers.Dense(3, activation='softmax')
])

【重点3】损失函数：二分类问题填"binary_crossentropy", 多分类问题填"categrical_crossentropy"

model.compile(loss = 'categorical_crossentropy', optimizer='rmsprop', metrics=['accuracy'])