IPC机制第三篇，ContentProvider实现

今天来讲讲ContentProvider，ContentProvider作为安卓的四大组件想必大家并不会陌生，这个可以说是安卓系统给我准备的一个实现IPC的一个方法，一般ContentProvider与SQLiteDatabase一起用的，在SQLiteDatabase的底层已经处理了对一个对象的并发问题，但是如果你new了多个SQLiteDatabase对象，那么他还是会出现并发问题的。用ContentProvider的一个最重要的地方就是要我们手动进行同步线程控制并发。下面分享一个Demo。

首先，我们建一个工程，名字就叫做ContentProvider.

BookProvider.java

public class BookProvider extends ContentProvider {
    private static final String TAG = "BookProvider";

    public static final String AUTHORITY = "com.zafu.contentprovider.BookProvider";

    public static final Uri BOOK_CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://"
            + AUTHORITY + "/book");
    public static final Uri USER_CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://"
            + AUTHORITY + "/user");

    public static final int BOOK_URI_CODE = 0;
    public static final int USER_URI_CODE = 1;
    private static final UriMatcher sUriMatcher = new UriMatcher(
            UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
    static {
        sUriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "book", BOOK_URI_CODE);
        sUriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "user", USER_URI_CODE);
    }

    private Context mContext;
    private SQLiteDatabase mDb;

    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {
        Log.d(TAG, "onCreate, current thread:"
                + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        mContext = getContext();
        initProviderData();
        return true;
    }

    private void initProviderData() {
        mDb = new DbOpenHelper(mContext).getWritableDatabase();
        mDb.execSQL("delete from " + DbOpenHelper.BOOK_TABLE_NAME);
        mDb.execSQL("delete from " + DbOpenHelper.USER_TALBE_NAME);
        mDb.execSQL("insert into book values(3,'Android');");
        mDb.execSQL("insert into book values(4,'Ios');");
        mDb.execSQL("insert into book values(5,'Html5');");
        mDb.execSQL("insert into user values(1,'jake',1);");
        mDb.execSQL("insert into user values(2,'jasmine',0);");
    }

    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
                        String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
        Log.d(TAG, "query, current thread:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        String table = getTableName(uri);
        if (table == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported URI: " + uri);
        }
        return mDb.query(table, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder, null);
    }

    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri) {
        Log.d(TAG, "getType");
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
        Log.d(TAG, "insert");
        String table = getTableName(uri);
        if (table == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported URI: " + uri);
        }
        mDb.insert(table, null, values);
        mContext.getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null);
        return uri;
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        Log.d(TAG, "delete");
        String table = getTableName(uri);
        if (table == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported URI: " + uri);
        }
        int count = mDb.delete(table, selection, selectionArgs);
        if (count > 0) {
            getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null);
        }
        return count;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,
                      String[] selectionArgs) {
        Log.d(TAG, "update");
        String table = getTableName(uri);
        if (table == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported URI: " + uri);
        }
        int row = mDb.update(table, values, selection, selectionArgs);
        if (row > 0) {
            getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null);
        }
        return row;
    }

    private String getTableName(Uri uri) {
        String tableName = null;
        switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK_URI_CODE:
                tableName = DbOpenHelper.BOOK_TABLE_NAME;
                break;
            case USER_URI_CODE:
                tableName = DbOpenHelper.USER_TALBE_NAME;
                break;
            default:break;
        }

        return tableName;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public Bundle call(String method, String arg, Bundle extras) {
        return super.call(method, arg, extras);
    }
}

DbOpenHelper.java

public class DbOpenHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
    private static final String DB_NAME = "book_provider.db";
    public static final String BOOK_TABLE_NAME = "book";
    public static final String USER_TALBE_NAME = "user";

    private static final int DB_VERSION = 3;

    private String CREATE_BOOK_TABLE = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "
            + BOOK_TABLE_NAME + "(_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY," + "name TEXT)";

    private String CREATE_USER_TABLE = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "
            + USER_TALBE_NAME + "(_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY," + "name TEXT,"
            + "sex INT)";

    public DbOpenHelper(Context context) {
        super(context, DB_NAME, null, DB_VERSION);
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
        db.execSQL(CREATE_BOOK_TABLE);
        db.execSQL(CREATE_USER_TABLE);
    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
        // TODO ignored
    }
}

MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final String TAG = "ProviderActivity";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        // Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.ryg.chapter_2.book.provider");
        // getContentResolver().query(uri, null, null, null, null);
        // getContentResolver().query(uri, null, null, null, null);
        // getContentResolver().query(uri, null, null, null, null);

        Uri bookUri = Uri.parse("content://com.zafu.contentprovider.BookProvider/book");
        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put("_id", 6);
        values.put("name", "程序设计的艺术");
        getContentResolver().insert(bookUri, values);
        Cursor bookCursor = getContentResolver().query(bookUri, new String[]{"_id", "name"}, null, null, null);
        while (bookCursor.moveToNext()) {
            Book book = new Book();
            book.bookId = bookCursor.getInt(0);
            book.bookName = bookCursor.getString(1);
            Log.d(TAG, "query book:" + book.toString());
        }
        bookCursor.close();

        Uri userUri = Uri.parse("content://com.zafu.contentprovider.BookProvider/user");
        Cursor userCursor = getContentResolver().query(userUri, new String[]{"_id", "name", "sex"}, null, null, null);
        while (userCursor.moveToNext()) {
            User user = new User();
            user.userId = userCursor.getInt(0);
            user.userName = userCursor.getString(1);
            user.isMale = userCursor.getInt(2) == 1;
            Log.d(TAG, "query user:" + user.toString());
        }
        userCursor.close();
    }
}

Book.java

public class Book {

    public int bookId;
    public String bookName;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "bookId=" + bookId +
                ", bookName='" + bookName + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

User.java

public class User {
    public int userId;
    public String userName;
    public boolean isMale;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "userId=" + userId +
                ", userName='" + userName + '\'' +
                ", isMale=" + isMale +
                '}';
    }
}

我们通过清单文件配置来分出一个进程

 <provider
            android:name=".BookProvider"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true"
            android:permission="com.zafu.PROVIDER"
            android:process=":provider"
    android:authorities="com.zafu.contentprovider.BookProvider"/>

　这里说一下BookProvider里面的call这个函数，通过这个函数我们就可以自定义方法了，而不只是使用只使用增删改查操作。