Python学习笔记之生成器

生成器
生成器是迭代器的一个体现，使代码更加整洁，迭代器需要我们去定义一个类，而生成器只需要在函数里面加一个yield就可以了。
所谓协同程序就是可以运行的独立函数调用，函数可以暂停或者挂起，并在需要的时候从程序离开的地方继续或者重新开始。

>>> def myGen():
	print("生成器被执行!")
	yield 1
	yield 2

	
>>> myG = myGen()
>>> next(myG)
生成器被执行!
1
>>> next(myG)
2
>>> next(myG)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#12>", line 1, in <module>
    next(myG)
StopIteration

由于生成器也是迭代器的一种体现，所以可以通过调用next()函数，效果同迭代一样。
接下来我们用生成器来实现斐波那契数列。

>>> def Fibs():
	a = 0
	b = 1
	while True:
		a,b = b,a+b
		yield a
>>> for each in Fibs():
	if each > 100:
		break
	print(each, end=' ')
	
1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 

推导式
Python中含有列表推导式、字典推导式、集合推导式，而字符串没有推导式，元祖的推导式则是生成器。

>>> a = [i for i in range(100) if not(i % 2) and (i % 3)]
>>> a
[2, 4, 8, 10, 14, 16, 20, 22, 26, 28, 32, 34, 38, 40, 44, 46, 50, 52, 56, 58, 62, 64, 68, 70, 74, 76, 80, 82, 86, 88, 92, 94, 98]
>>> b = {i:i%2==0 for i in range(10)}
>>> b
{0: True, 1: False, 2: True, 3: False, 4: True, 5: False, 6: True, 7: False, 8: True, 9: False}
>>> c = {i for i in [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1,5]}
>>> c
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
>>> 
>>> d = "i for i in 'I love FishC.com!'"
>>> d
"i for i in 'I love FishC.com!'"
>>> e = (i for i in range(10))
>>> e
<generator object <genexpr> at 0x000001E573E0E6D0>
>>> next(e)
0
>>> next(e)
1
>>> next(e)
2
>>> next(e)
3
>>> for each in e:
	print(each)
4
5
6
7
8
9
>>> sum(i for i in range(100) if i % 2)
2500
>>> sum((i for i in range(100) if i % 2))
2500
>>>