5G/NR/LTE：Codeword, Layer, precoding

Codeword

码字代表原始数据，就是没有经过任何格式化的，一般用CW0，CW1表示。
多数情况下，SU-MIMO，两个码字发送给一个UE。
少数情况下，MU-MIMO，一个码字对应一个UE。

Layer

对MIMO说，层数至少是两层，最大值为天线数。

precoding

与编码层会在传输前改变信号. This can be done diversity, spatial multiplexing, or beam direction. MIMO channel conditions may favor one layer (data stream) to another. If the base station (eNB) is given channel (e.g., the information sent back from the UE), the complex may be added to counter the imbalance cross-coupling in the channel. In arrangement 2 * 2, LTE uses a single stop 1 to 3 Precoding, which improves the performance if the channel has not changed too rapidly.

Eigen beamforming:

(sometimes known simply as “beamforming”) amends the transmission signals to provide the best transportation to interference and noise ratio (CINR) out of the channel.