Python爬虫，studiofaporsche网站采集源码

很久没有写过 Python 爬虫了，最近不是在拧螺丝，就是在拧螺丝的路上，手生的很了，很多代码用法也早已经殊生，因此也花了一点时间来梳理，写的比较渣，见谅！

话说，这种类型的网站其实没有什么搞头，有手就行，毕竟没有爬取限制，唯一限制就是外网，访问速度存在问题，比如视频爬取下载存在链接问题。

几个要点

1. 抓取源接口

post方式获取数据！

def get_list():
    url="https://www.studiofaporsche.com/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php"
    headers={
        "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36"
    }
    data={
        "action": "load_cases_by_ajax",
        "termId": 18
    }
    response=requests.post(url=url,data=data,headers=headers,timeout=8)
    html=response.content.decode('utf-8')
    tree=etree.HTML(html)
    hrefs=tree.xpath('//div[@class="row"]/div/a/@href')
    print(hrefs)
    i=1
    for href in hrefs:
        get_detail(href, i)
        i=i+1
        time.sleep(2)

1. timeout 设置

由于是外网，存在访问速度过慢，易卡死的状态，所以需要设置 timeout 时间稍长，不然爬取会卡死，如需对数据完整抓取，须提前设置好备份状态，访问超时、报错的处理。

timeout=8

附网站爬取完整源码：

#studiofaporsche.com 作品采集
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
#@author:huguo00289
import requests
import time
from lxml import etree
import os


def get_list():
    url="https://www.studiofaporsche.com/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php"
    headers={
        "cookie": "borlabs-cookie=%7B%22consents%22%3A%7B%22essential%22%3A%5B%22borlabs-cookie%22%5D%2C%22statistics%22%3A%5B%22google-analytics%22%5D%7D%2C%22domainPath%22%3A%22www.studiofaporsche.com%2F%22%2C%22expires%22%3A%22Sat%2C%2024%20Aug%202024%2003%3A03%3A19%20GMT%22%2C%22uid%22%3A%22a6z3yjdt-yabs2193-l9gpzbbr-9qs5re2m%22%2C%22version%22%3A%221%22%7D; _gid=GA1.2.1858239460.1692932600; _gat_gtag_UA_150733082_1=1; _ga_DS1M32SMRY=GS1.1.1692932599.1.1.1692933185.0.0.0; _ga=GA1.2.152019887.1692932600",
        "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36"
    }
    data={
        "action": "load_cases_by_ajax",
        "termId": 18
    }
    response=requests.post(url=url,data=data,headers=headers,timeout=8)
    html=response.content.decode('utf-8')
    tree=etree.HTML(html)
    hrefs=tree.xpath('//div[@class="row"]/div/a/@href')
    print(hrefs)
    i=1
    for href in hrefs:
        get_detail(href, i)
        i=i+1
        time.sleep(2)



def get_detail(url,i):
    headers = {
        #"cookie": "borlabs-cookie=%7B%22consents%22%3A%7B%22essential%22%3A%5B%22borlabs-cookie%22%5D%2C%22statistics%22%3A%5B%22google-analytics%22%5D%7D%2C%22domainPath%22%3A%22www.studiofaporsche.com%2F%22%2C%22expires%22%3A%22Sat%2C%2024%20Aug%202024%2003%3A03%3A19%20GMT%22%2C%22uid%22%3A%22a6z3yjdt-yabs2193-l9gpzbbr-9qs5re2m%22%2C%22version%22%3A%221%22%7D; _gid=GA1.2.1858239460.1692932600; _gat_gtag_UA_150733082_1=1; _ga_DS1M32SMRY=GS1.1.1692932599.1.1.1692933185.0.0.0; _ga=GA1.2.152019887.1692932600",
        "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36"
    }
    response = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers,timeout=8)
    html = response.content.decode('utf-8')
    tree = etree.HTML(html)
    title=tree.xpath('//title/text()')[0]
    title=title.split('-')[0]
    title=title.strip()
    print(title)
    try:
        path=f'{i}_{title}/'
        os.makedirs(path,exist_ok=True)
    except:
        print("创建标题文件夹出错！")
        path = f'{i}_/'
        os.makedirs(path, exist_ok=True)
    backimg=tree.xpath('//div[@class="singlePost singleCase"]/section/@data-src')[0]
    print(backimg)
    down_img(backimg, path)
    p=tree.xpath('//div[@class="row textRow"]/div/p/text()')
    p='\n'.join(p)
    p=f'{title}\n{p}'
    print(p)
    with open(f'{path}{i}.txt','w',encoding='utf-8') as f:
        f.write(p)
    imgs=tree.xpath('//div[@class="imageWrap imageDimension"]/img/@data-src')
    print(imgs)
    j=1
    for img in imgs:
        down_imgs(img, path,j)
        j=j+1
        time.sleep(2)
    video=tree.xpath('//div[@class="col-12 videoCol"]/video/source/@src')[0]
    print(video)
    down_video(video, path)



def down_img(img,path):
    headers = {
        "referer": "https://www.studiofaporsche.com/case/klafs-sauna-sauna-s11/",
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36",
    }
    imgurl = img
    imgname = img.split('/')[-1]
    imgname = imgname.split('-')[-1]
    r = requests.get(url=imgurl, headers=headers, timeout=10)
    time.sleep(2)
    with open(f'{path}{imgname}', 'wb') as f:
        f.write(r.content)
    print(f'下载图片 {imgname} 成功！')


def down_imgs(img,path,j):
    headers = {
        "referer": "https://www.studiofaporsche.com/case/klafs-sauna-sauna-s11/",
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36",
    }
    imgurl = img
    imgname = img.split('/')[-1]
    imgname = imgname.split('-')[-1]
    r = requests.get(url=imgurl, headers=headers, timeout=10)
    time.sleep(2)
    with open(f'{path}{j}_{imgname}', 'wb') as f:
        f.write(r.content)
    print(f'下载图片 {imgname} 成功！')


def down_video(video,path):
    headers = {
        "referer": "https://www.studiofaporsche.com/case/klafs-sauna-sauna-s11/",
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36",
    }
    videourl = video
    videoname = video.split('/')[-1]
    r = requests.get(url=videourl, headers=headers, timeout=10)
    time.sleep(2)
    with open(f'{path}{videoname}', 'wb') as f:
        f.write(r.content)
    print(f'下载视频 {videoname} 成功！')



def main():
    get_list()

if __name__=="__main__":
    main()

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