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求证:方程 x2 - 3y2 =17 没有整数解
证明:设整数 x 按模 3 分类讨论,
①当 x = 3k 时, ( 3k ) 2 - 3y2 =17, 3(3k2 - y2 )=17
⑵当 x=3k ± 1 时, ( 3k ± 1 ) 2 - 3y2 =17 3( 3k2 ± 2k - y2 )=16
由①②左边的整数是 3 的倍数,而右边的 17 和 16 都不是 3 的倍数,
∴上述等式都不能成立,因此,方程 x2 - 3y2 =17 没有整数解