Python multiprocessing Process, Pipe实例

原因：当使用多个进程通信时，使用Pipe传递消息进行进程间通信，并避免使用锁等同步原语

# coding=utf-8
import logging
import multiprocessing
from multiprocessing import Process, Pipe

logging.basicConfig(
    level=logging.INFO,
    format="%(asctime)s [*] %(processName)s %(message)s"
)


def send (pipe):
    message = ['spam'] + [42, 'egg']
    pipe.send(message)
    logging.info(f"A01 发送信息：{message}-------单向通信")
    pipe.close()


def talk (pipe):
    message = dict(name='Bob', spam=42)
    pipe.send(message)
    logging.info(f"B02 发送信息：{message}----双向通信")
    reply = pipe.recv()
    logging.info(f"B02 接收信息：{reply}-------双向通信")


def main (ctx):
    # 单向通信--------------------------------------------------------
    (A01, A02) = ctx.Pipe()
    sender = ctx.Process(target=send, args=(A01,))
    sender.start()
    logging.info(f"A02 接收信息：{A02.recv()}----------单向通信")  # 从send收到消息
    A02.close()
    
    # 双向通信---------------------------------------------------------
    (B01, B02) = Pipe()
    # 1.B02发送信息
    talking = Process(target=talk, args=(B02,))
    talking.start()
    logging.info(f'B01 接收信息：{B01.recv()}--双向通信')
    # 2.B01发送信息
    message = {x * 2 for x in 'spam'}
    B01.send(message)
    logging.info(f"B01 发送信息{message}-------双向通信")
    
    talking.join()  # 阻塞并等待子进程通话完毕


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # windows 启动方式
    multiprocessing.set_start_method('spawn')
    # 获取上下文
    ctx = multiprocessing.get_context('spawn')
    main(ctx)

输出：

2019-10-04 11:21:32,466 [*] SpawnProcess-1 A01 发送信息：['spam', 42, 'egg']-------单向通信
2019-10-04 11:21:32,466 [*] MainProcess A02 接收信息：['spam', 42, 'egg']----------单向通信
2019-10-04 11:21:32,544 [*] Process-2 B02 发送信息：{'name': 'Bob', 'spam': 42}----双向通信
2019-10-04 11:21:32,544 [*] MainProcess B01 接收信息：{'name': 'Bob', 'spam': 42}--双向通信
2019-10-04 11:21:32,544 [*] MainProcess B01 发送信息{'aa', 'mm', 'ss', 'pp'}-------双向通信
2019-10-04 11:21:32,544 [*] Process-2 B02 接收信息：{'aa', 'ss', 'pp', 'mm'}-------双向通信