Using fdisk to create uboot on SD card

fdisk

Help:

  DOS (MBR)
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit nested BSD disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag

  Generic
   d   delete a partition
   F   list free unpartitioned space
   l   list known partition types
   n   add a new partition
   p   print the partition table
   t   change a partition type
   v   verify the partition table
   i   print information about a partition

  Misc
   m   print this menu
   u   change display/entry units
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

  Script
   I   load disk layout from sfdisk script file
   O   dump disk layout to sfdisk script file

  Save & Exit
   w   write table to disk and exit
   q   quit without saving changes

  Create a new label
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   s   create a new empty Sun partition table

uboot

• Run fdisk (support sdb is the sd card)

~$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb
 
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.31.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

• Print the partitions

Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 14.9 GiB, 15931539456 bytes, 31116288 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x76e401e5

Device     Boot Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1        8192 31116287 31108096 14.9G  c W95 FAT32 (LBA)

• Delete the partitions

Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Partition 1 has been deleted.

• Create new partitions

Command (m for help): n
Partition type
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-31116287, default 2048): 
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-31116287, default 31116287): +1G

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 1 GiB.

Command (m for help): a
Selected partition 1
The bootable flag on partition 1 is enabled now.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type
   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 
First sector (2099200-31116287, default 2099200): 
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2099200-31116287, default 31116287): 

Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 13.9 GiB.

• Print the partitions

Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 14.9 GiB, 15931539456 bytes, 31116288 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x76e401e5

Device     Boot   Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1  *       2048  2099199  2097152    1G 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2       2099200 31116287 29017088 13.9G 83 Linux

• Save the partitions (maybe need to unmont ~$ sudo umount /dev/sdb)

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Failed to remove partition 1 from system: Device or resource busy
Failed to add partition 1 to system: Device or resource busy
Failed to add partition 2 to system: Device or resource busy

The kernel still uses the old partitions. The new table will be used at the next reboot. 
Syncing disks.

• Format partitions( Always format the bootable partition using fat. And 2nd partition can be ext2/ext4.)

:~$ sudo mkfs.vfat -F 32 -n boot /dev/sdb1

mkfs.fat 4.1 (2017-01-24)
mkfs.fat: warning - lowercase labels might not work properly with DOS or Windows

:~$ sudo mkfs.ext4 -L root /dev/sdb2

mke2fs 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018)
Creating filesystem with 3627136 4k blocks and 907536 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 78cef183-4fd1-4f3e-85bd-db04db2d9141
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
	32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done   

• Mount the partitions and copy the needed files.

Reference

https://xilinx-wiki.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/A/pages/18842385/How+to+format+SD+card+for+SD+boot