使用XML

使用XML包括遍历文档节点列表，设置和查询属性值，创建或插入新节点。

1.基于DOM读取XML文档

System.Xml名字空间中的XmlDocument类代表了DOM。

XmlDocument类代表了一个完整的XML文档，它本身也是一个XmlNode。

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
2. <items>
3.   <item id="1" name="Flaming Sword of Doom"
4.         description="This sword will vanquish all of your foes with a single swipe">
5.     <attribute name="attack" value="10" />
6.     <attribute name="weight" value="20" />
7.   </item>
9.   <item id="2" name="Bag of Really Big Stuff"
10.         description="this bag can hold a lot of stuff.">
11.     <attribute name="weight" value="1" />
12.     <attribute name="capacity" value="80" />
13.   </item>
15.   <item id="3" name="Broach of Bug Smashing"
16.         description="This broach will kill any bug. Instantly.">
17.     <attribute name="weight" value="1" />
18.     <attribute name="attack" value="11" />
19.     <specials>
20.       <special name="killbug" description="This thing kills any bug instantly." />
21.     </specials>
22.   </item>
24.   <item id="4" name="Wand of Traffic Vanquish"
25.         description="A single wave of this wand will part the highway before you.">
26.     <attribute name="weight" value="5" />
27.     <attribute name="attack" value="20" />
28.     <specials>
29.       <special name="parttraffic" description="All vehicles move out of your way." />
30.     </specials>
31.   </item>
32. </items>

1. using System;
2. using System.Collections.Generic;
3. using System.Text;
4. using System.Xml;
5. using System.IO;
7. namespace MemStream
8. {
9.     class Program
10.     {
11.         static void Main(string[] args)
12.         {
13.             XmlDocument itemDoc = new XmlDocument();
15.             if (File.Exists(@"../../items.xml"))
16.             {
17.                 itemDoc.Load(@"../../items.xml");
18.                 Console.WriteLine("Document has {0} children", itemDoc.DocumentElement.ChildNodes.Count);
20.                 foreach (XmlNode itemNode in itemDoc.DocumentElement.ChildNodes)
21.                 {
22.                     //we know that the node is an element, so we can do this;
23.                     XmlElement itemElement = (XmlElement)itemNode;
24.                     Console.WriteLine("/n[Item]: {0}/n{1}", itemElement.Attributes["name"].Value,
25.                         itemElement.Attributes["description"].Value);
27.                     if (itemNode.ChildNodes.Count == 0)
28.                     {
29.                         Console.WriteLine("No additional Information");
30.                     }
31.                     else
32.                     {
33.                         foreach (XmlNode childNode in itemNode.ChildNodes)
34.                         {
35.                             if (childNode.Name.ToUpper() == "ATTRIBUTE")
36.                             {
37.                                 Console.WriteLine("{0} : {1}",
38.                                     childNode.Attributes["name"].Value,
39.                                     childNode.Attributes["value"].Value);
40.                             }
41.                             else if (childNode.Name.ToUpper() == "SEPCIALS")
42.                             {
43.                                 foreach (XmlNode specialNode in childNode)
44.                                 {
45.                                     Console.WriteLine("{0} : {1}", 
46.                                         specialNode.Attributes["name"].Value,
47.                                         specialNode.Attributes["description"].Value);
48.                                 }
49.                             }
50.                         }
51.                     }
52.                 }
53.             }
54.             else
55.             {
56.                 Console.WriteLine("No file");
57.             }
59.         }
60.     }
61. }

 

2.用Xpath查询XML文档

1.             XmlDocument itemsDoc = new XmlDocument();
2.             itemsDoc.Load(@"../../items.xml");
4.             XmlNodeList allItems = itemsDoc.SelectNodes("/items/item");
5.             Console.WriteLine("count: {0}", allItems.Count);
7.             XmlNode thirdItem = itemsDoc.SelectSingleNode("/items/item[2]");
8.             Console.WriteLine("Third node is {0}", thirdItem.Attributes["name"].Value);

3.用XSLT转换XML文档

XSLT结合了XPath语言和一组转换函数。一般将XML文档转换成XHTML文档。

要进行转换需要一个XSLT文档。

1. XslCompiledTransform xct = new XslCompiledTransform();
2. xct.Load(@"../../itemsTransform.xslt");
3. xct.Transform(@"../../items.xml", "items.html");

4.用XSD确认XML文档