Hdfs shell命令操作

本篇博客介绍Hadoop的HDFS客户端的基本shell命令

打印报告

hdfs dfsadmin -report

输出结果：

Configured Capacity: 123250802688 (114.79 GB)
Present Capacity: 100918267904 (93.99 GB)
DFS Remaining: 100473401344 (93.57 GB)
DFS Used: 444866560 (424.26 MB)
DFS Used%: 0.44%
Under replicated blocks: 7
Blocks with corrupt replicas: 0
Missing blocks: 0
Missing blocks (with replication factor 1): 0

-------------------------------------------------
Live datanodes (3):

Name: 192.168.37.130:50010 (anode2.mrbcy.tech)
Hostname: anode2.mrbcy.tech
Decommission Status : Normal
Configured Capacity: 41083600896 (38.26 GB)
DFS Used: 220000256 (209.81 MB)
Non DFS Used: 7411515392 (6.90 GB)
DFS Remaining: 33452085248 (31.15 GB)
DFS Used%: 0.54%
DFS Remaining%: 81.42%
Configured Cache Capacity: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
Cache Remaining: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used%: 100.00%
Cache Remaining%: 0.00%
Xceivers: 1
Last contact: Sun Feb 19 19:42:23 CST 2017


Name: 192.168.37.129:50010 (anode1.mrbcy.tech)
Hostname: anode1.mrbcy.tech
Decommission Status : Normal
Configured Capacity: 41083600896 (38.26 GB)
DFS Used: 220393472 (210.18 MB)
Non DFS Used: 7484911616 (6.97 GB)
DFS Remaining: 33378295808 (31.09 GB)
DFS Used%: 0.54%
DFS Remaining%: 81.24%
Configured Cache Capacity: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
Cache Remaining: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used%: 100.00%
Cache Remaining%: 0.00%
Xceivers: 1
Last contact: Sun Feb 19 19:42:23 CST 2017


Name: 192.168.37.131:50010 (anode3.mrbcy.tech)
Hostname: anode3.mrbcy.tech
Decommission Status : Normal
Configured Capacity: 41083600896 (38.26 GB)
DFS Used: 4472832 (4.27 MB)
Non DFS Used: 7436107776 (6.93 GB)
DFS Remaining: 33643020288 (31.33 GB)
DFS Used%: 0.01%
DFS Remaining%: 81.89%
Configured Cache Capacity: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
Cache Remaining: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used%: 100.00%
Cache Remaining%: 0.00%
Xceivers: 1
Last contact: Sun Feb 19 19:42:23 CST 2017

查看命令列表

hadoop fs

帮助如下：

Usage: hadoop fs [generic options]
        [-appendToFile <localsrc> ... <dst>]
        [-cat [-ignoreCrc] <src> ...]
        [-checksum <src> ...]
        [-chgrp [-R] GROUP PATH...]
        [-chmod [-R] <MODE[,MODE]... | OCTALMODE> PATH...]
        [-chown [-R] [OWNER][:[GROUP]] PATH...]
        [-copyFromLocal [-f] [-p] [-l] <localsrc> ... <dst>]
        [-copyToLocal [-p] [-ignoreCrc] [-crc] <src> ... <localdst>]
        [-count [-q] [-h] <path> ...]
        [-cp [-f] [-p | -p[topax]] <src> ... <dst>]
        [-createSnapshot <snapshotDir> [<snapshotName>]]
        [-deleteSnapshot <snapshotDir> <snapshotName>]
        [-df [-h] [<path> ...]]
        [-du [-s] [-h] <path> ...]
        [-expunge]
        [-find <path> ... <expression> ...]
        [-get [-p] [-ignoreCrc] [-crc] <src> ... <localdst>]
        [-getfacl [-R] <path>]
        [-getfattr [-R] {-n name | -d} [-e en] <path>]
        [-getmerge [-nl] <src> <localdst>]
        [-help [cmd ...]]
        [-ls [-d] [-h] [-R] [<path> ...]]
        [-mkdir [-p] <path> ...]
        [-moveFromLocal <localsrc> ... <dst>]
        [-moveToLocal <src> <localdst>]
        [-mv <src> ... <dst>]
        [-put [-f] [-p] [-l] <localsrc> ... <dst>]
        [-renameSnapshot <snapshotDir> <oldName> <newName>]
        [-rm [-f] [-r|-R] [-skipTrash] <src> ...]
        [-rmdir [--ignore-fail-on-non-empty] <dir> ...]
        [-setfacl [-R] [{-b|-k} {-m|-x <acl_spec>} <path>]|[--set <acl_spec> <path>]]
        [-setfattr {-n name [-v value] | -x name} <path>]
        [-setrep [-R] [-w] <rep> <path> ...]
        [-stat [format] <path> ...]
        [-tail [-f] <file>]
        [-test -[defsz] <path>]
        [-text [-ignoreCrc] <src> ...]
        [-touchz <path> ...]
        [-truncate [-w] <length> <path> ...]
        [-usage [cmd ...]]

Generic options supported are
-conf <configuration file>     specify an application configuration file
-D <property=value>            use value for given property
-fs <local|namenode:port>      specify a namenode
-jt <local|resourcemanager:port>    specify a ResourceManager
-files <comma separated list of files>    specify comma separated files to be copied to the map reduce cluster
-libjars <comma separated list of jars>    specify comma separated jar files to include in the classpath.
-archives <comma separated list of archives>    specify comma separated archives to be unarchived on the compute machines.

The general command line syntax is
bin/hadoop command [genericOptions] [commandOptions]

查看文件列表

hadoop fs -ls /

上传文件

hadoop fs -put /root/GitHubLog.txt /

然后再用ls来查看一下文件列表：

hadoop fs -ls /

输出结果为：

Found 1 items
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup      23562 2017-02-18 12:53 /GitHubLog.txt

真实的数据文件路径在DataNode节点的数据目录的/root/apps/hadoop-2.7.3/data/hdfs/data/current/BP-2098819308-192.168.37.143-1487177379733/current/finalized/subdir0/subdir0#下面有如下文件列表：

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23562  2月 18 12:53 blk_1073741825
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   195  2月 18 12:53 blk_1073741825_1001.meta

可以用下面的命令查看一下blk_1073741825文件的内容。

cat blk_1073741825

然后会发现输出的内容就是GitHubLog.txt文件的内容。这是因为这个文件太小了，没有切开。默认到128M才会切开。

再放一个超过128M的文件。

hadoop fs -put /root/temp/hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz /

然后通过ls命令来看一下结果。

hadoop fs -ls /

结果是：

Found 2 items
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup      23562 2017-02-18 12:53 /GitHubLog.txt
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup  214092195 2017-02-18 13:09 /hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz

再到文件系统里面看一下，当前的文件列表是：

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     23562  2月 18 12:53 blk_1073741825
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root       195  2月 18 12:53 blk_1073741825_1001.meta
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 134217728  2月 18 13:09 blk_1073741826
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1048583  2月 18 13:09 blk_1073741826_1002.meta
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  79874467  2月 18 13:09 blk_1073741827
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    624027  2月 18 13:09 blk_1073741827_1003.meta

接下来我们把blk_1073741826和blk_1073741827尝试拼接起来，然后试一下能不能解压。

cat blk_1073741826 >> tmp.file
cat blk_1073741827 >> tmp.file
tar -zxvf tmp.file

操作后的文件列表是：

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     23562  2月 18 12:53 blk_1073741825
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root       195  2月 18 12:53 blk_1073741825_1001.meta
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 134217728  2月 18 13:09 blk_1073741826
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1048583  2月 18 13:09 blk_1073741826_1002.meta
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  79874467  2月 18 13:09 blk_1073741827
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    624027  2月 18 13:09 blk_1073741827_1003.meta
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root      4096  8月 18  2016 hadoop-2.7.3/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 214092195  2月 18 13:16 tmp.file

说明解压成功，HDFS并没做很多的事情

查看文件内容

hadoop fs -less /GitHubLog.txt

下载文件

hadoop fs -get /GitHubLog.txt

删除文件

hadoop fs -rm /GitHubLog.txt