STM32的串口配置步骤

STM32笔记之八：来跟PC打个招呼，基本串口通讯

目的：在基础实验成功的基础上，对串口的调试方法进行实践。硬件代码顺利完成之后，对日后调试需要用到的printf重定义进行调试，固定在自己的库函数中。

(1) 初始化函数定义：

void USART_Configuration(void);        //定义串口初始化函数

初始化代码：

void USART_Configuration(void)                      //串口初始化函数

{

   //串口参数初始化

   USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;              //串口设置恢复默认参数

  

  //初始化参数设置

   USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600;                                  //波特率9600

   USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b; //字长8位

   USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;                 //1位停止字节

   USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;                   //无奇偶校验

   USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;//无流控制

   USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;//打开Rx接收和Tx发送功能

   USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);                                         //初始化

   USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);                                                       //启动串口

}

(2)RCC中打开相应串口(串口功能的时钟打开，很重要)

RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1 , ENABLE);

(3)GPIO里面设定相应串口管脚模式

//串口1的管脚初始化

   GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;           //PA9-TX1 引脚

   GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;    //复用推挽输出

   GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);                          

   GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;          //PA10-RX1引脚

   GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //浮空输入

   GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);

查询方式操作串口：

    while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1,USART_FLAG_RXNE) == RESET);

    TxBuffer1[0] = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);

    USART_SendData(USART1, TxBuffer1[0]);

    while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET);

(4)如果需要用到串口中断
则需要

USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE); //串口接收中断使能

USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_TXE, ENABLE); //串口发送中断使能

void NVIC_Configuration(void) // 中断及优先级设置
{  

    /* Enable the USART1 Interrupt */
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQChannel;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}

串口的接受中断程序
void USART1_IRQHandler(void)

{

   if(USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) != RESET)
{ 
        USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE);

         data_temp = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);

}

}