jvm之字节码解读——认识字节码

1.准备工作

准备工具

十六进制编辑器，如果没有请绕道这里下载

https://pan.baidu.com/s/1NxRCcQfJe8IJqRZ46IUHuA

提取码：u0a3

准备代码及字节码内容

package com.bill;

public class MyByteCodeTest1 {

    private int a = 1;

    public int getA() {
        return a;
    }

    public void setA(int a) {
        this.a = a;
    }
}

编译通过后，到字节码文件目录，执行java命令

javap -verbose MyByteCodeTest1.class

得到内容

Classfile /E:/dc_workspace/test/target/classes/com/bill/MyByteCodeTest1.class
  Last modified 2021-3-12; size 487 bytes
  MD5 checksum 54fc0467aba1376b708775659da99343
  Compiled from "MyByteCodeTest1.java"
public class com.bill.MyByteCodeTest1
  minor version: 0
  major version: 52
  flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_SUPER
Constant pool:
   #1 = Methodref          #4.#20         // java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
   #2 = Fieldref           #3.#21         // com/bill/MyByteCodeTest1.a:I
   #3 = Class              #22            // com/bill/MyByteCodeTest1
   #4 = Class              #23            // java/lang/Object
   #5 = Utf8               a
   #6 = Utf8               I
   #7 = Utf8               <init>
   #8 = Utf8               ()V
   #9 = Utf8               Code
  #10 = Utf8               LineNumberTable
  #11 = Utf8               LocalVariableTable
  #12 = Utf8               this
  #13 = Utf8               Lcom/bill/MyByteCodeTest1;
  #14 = Utf8               getA
  #15 = Utf8               ()I
  #16 = Utf8               setA
  #17 = Utf8               (I)V
  #18 = Utf8               SourceFile
  #19 = Utf8               MyByteCodeTest1.java
  #20 = NameAndType        #7:#8          // "<init>":()V
  #21 = NameAndType        #5:#6          // a:I
  #22 = Utf8               com/bill/MyByteCodeTest1
  #23 = Utf8               java/lang/Object
{
  public com.bill.MyByteCodeTest1();
    descriptor: ()V
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC
    Code:
      stack=2, locals=1, args_size=1
         0: aload_0
         1: invokespecial #1                  // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
         4: aload_0
         5: iconst_1
         6: putfield      #2                  // Field a:I
         9: return
      LineNumberTable:
        line 3: 0
        line 5: 4
      LocalVariableTable:
        Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
            0      10     0  this   Lcom/bill/MyByteCodeTest1;

  public int getA();
    descriptor: ()I
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC
    Code:
      stack=1, locals=1, args_size=1
         0: aload_0
         1: getfield      #2                  // Field a:I
         4: ireturn
      LineNumberTable:
        line 8: 0
      LocalVariableTable:
        Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
            0       5     0  this   Lcom/bill/MyByteCodeTest1;

  public void setA(int);
    descriptor: (I)V
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC
    Code:
      stack=2, locals=2, args_size=2
         0: aload_0
         1: iload_1
         2: putfield      #2                  // Field a:I
         5: return
      LineNumberTable:
        line 12: 0
        line 13: 5
      LocalVariableTable:
        Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
            0       6     0  this   Lcom/bill/MyByteCodeTest1;
            0       6     1     a   I
}
SourceFile: "MyByteCodeTest1.java"

用十六进制编辑器打开.class字节码文件，得到内容

至此，准备工作已经完成

2.字节码文件结构

我们都知道，任何文件在计算机中，都是以0/1的形式存在的，字节码文件也不例外

下面，我们来分析一下字节码这个文件以十六进制形式存在的内容

先贴一张字节码文件的文件结构图

这个图是什么意思呢？意思是在字节码文件里，开始的4个直接Magic Number；紧跟着的4个直接是Version信息；再跟着的是Constant Pool信息，Constant Pool是个动长的信息，前面2个字节是常量池的长度

后面的字段以此类推

后面的文章会就上面的结构，进行一个个分析