Linux I/O错误码

在程序出错时，我们通过全局变量错误号errno和perror函数能够很快的定位到错误原因。

Linux错误代码及其含义：

C Name Value Description 含义

错误定义	返回值	错误信息	错误描述
Success	0	Success	成功
EPERM	1	Operation not permitted	操作不允许
ENOENT	2	No such file or directory	没有这样的文件或目录
ESRCH	3	No such process	没有这样的过程
EINTR	4	Interrupted system call	系统调用被中断
EIO	5	I/O error	I/O错误
ENXIO	6	No such device or address	没有这样的设备或地址
E2BIG	7	Arg list too long	参数列表太长
ENOEXEC	8	Exec format error	执行格式错误
EBADF	9	Bad file number	坏的文件描述符
ECHILD	10	No child processes	没有子进程
EAGAIN	11	Try again	资源暂时不可用
ENOMEM	12	Out of memory	内存溢出
EACCES	13	Permission denied	拒绝许可
EFAULT	14	Bad address	错误的地址
ENOTBLK	15	Block device required	块设备请求
EBUSY	16	Device or resource busy	设备或资源忙
EEXIST	17	File exists	文件存在
EXDEV	18	Cross-device link	无效的交叉链接
ENODEV	19	No such device	设备不存在
ENOTDIR	20	Not a directory	不是一个目录
EISDIR	21	Is a directory	是一个目录
EINVAL	22	Invalid argument	无效的参数
ENFILE	32	File table overflow	打开太多的文件系统
EMFILE	24	Too many open files	打开的文件过多
ENOTTY	25	Not a tty device	不是tty设备
ETXTBSY	26	Text file busy	文本文件忙
EFBIG	27	File too large	文件太大
ENOSPC	28	No space left on device	设备上没有空间
ESPIPE	29	Illegal seek	非法移位
EROFS	30	Read-only file system	只读文件系统
EMLINK	31	Too many links	太多的链接
EPIPE	32	Broken pipe	管道破裂
EDOM	33	Math argument out of domain	数值结果超出范围
ERANGE	34	Math result not representable	数值结果不具代表性
EDEADLK	35	Resource deadlock would occur	资源死锁错误
ENAMETOOLONG	36	Filename too long	文件名太长
ENOLCK	37	No record locks available	没有可用锁
ENOSYS	38	Function not implemented	功能没有实现
ENOTEMPTY	39	Directory not empty	目录不空
ELOOP	40	Too many symbolic links encountered	符号链接层次太多
EWOULDBLOCK	41	Same as EAGAIN	和EAGAIN一样
ENOMSG	42	No message of desired type	没有期望类型的消息
EIDRM	43	Identifier removed	标识符删除
ECHRNG	44	Channel number out of range	频道数目超出范围
EL2NSYNC	45	Level 2 not synchronized	2级不同步
EL3HLT	46	Level 3 halted	3级中断
EL3RST	47	Level 3 reset	3级复位
ELNRNG	48	Link number out of range	链接数超出范围
EUNATCH	49	Protocol driver not attached	协议驱动程序没有连接
ENOCSI	50	No CSI structure available	没有可用CSI结构
EL2HLT	51	Level 2 halted	2级中断
EBADE	52	Invalid exchange	无效的交换
EBADR	53	Invalid request descriptor	请求描述符无效
EXFULL	54	Exchange full	交换全
ENOANO	55	No anode	没有阳极
EBADRQC	56	Invalid request code	无效的请求代码
EBADSLT	57	Invalid slot	无效的槽
EDEADLOCK	58	Same as EDEADLK	和EDEADLK一样
EBFONT	59	Bad font file format	错误的字体文件格式
ENOSTR	60	Device not a stream	设备不是字符流
ENODATA	61	No data available	无可用数据
ETIME	62	Timer expired	计时器过期
ENOSR	63	Out of streams resources	流资源溢出
ENONET	64	Machine is not on the network	机器不上网
ENOPKG	65	Package not installed	没有安装软件包
EREMOTE	66	Object is remote	对象是远程的
ENOLINK	67	Link has been severed	联系被切断
EADV	68	Advertise error	广告的错误
ESRMNT	69	Srmount error	srmount 错误
ECOMM	70	Communication error on send	发送时的通讯错误
EPROTO	71	Protocol error	协议错误
EMULTIHOP	72	Multihop attempted	多跳尝试
EDOTDOT	73	RFS specific error	RFS特定的错误
EBADMSG	74	Not a data message	非数据消息
EOVERFLOW	75	Value too large for defined data type	值太大,对于定义数据类型
ENOTUNIQ	76	Name not unique on network	名不是唯一的网络
EBADFD	77	File descriptor in bad state	文件描述符在坏状态
EREMCHG	78	Remote address changed	远程地址改变了
ELIBACC	79	Cannot access a needed shared library	无法访问必要 的共享库
ELIBBAD	80	Accessing a corrupted shared library	访问损坏的共享库
ELIBSCN	81	A .lib section in an .out is corrupted	库段. out损坏
ELIBMAX	82	Linking in too many shared libraries	试图链接太多的共享库
ELIBEXEC	83	Cannot exec a shared library directly	不能直接执行一个共享库
EILSEQ	84	Illegal byte sequence	无效的或不完整的多字节或宽字符
ERESTART	85	Interrupted system call should be restarted	应该重新启动中断的系统调用
ESTRPIPE	86	Streams pipe error	流管错误
EUSERS	87	Too many users	用户太多
ENOTSOCK	88	Socket operation on non-socket	套接字操作在非套接字上
EDESTADDRREQ	89	Destination address required	需要目标地址
EMSGSIZE	90	Message too long	消息太长
EPROTOTYPE	91	Protocol wrong type for socket socket	协议类型错误
ENOPROTOOPT	92	Protocol not available	协议不可用
EPROTONOSUPPORT	93	Protocol not supported	不支持的协议
ESOCKTNOSUPPORT	94	Socket type not supported	套接字类型不受支持
EOPNOTSUPP	95	Operation not supported on transport	不支持的操作
EPFNOSUPPORT	96	Protocol family not supported	不支持的协议族
EAFNOSUPPORT	97	Address family not supported by protocol	协议不支持的地址
EADDRINUSE	98	Address already in use	地址已在使用
EADDRNOTAVAIL	99	Cannot assign requested address	无法分配请求的地址
ENETDOWN	100	Network is down	网络瘫痪
ENETUNREACH	101	Network is unreachable	网络不可达
ENETRESET	102	Network dropped	网络连接丢失
ECONNABORTED	103	Software caused connection	软件导致连接中断
ECONNRESET	104	Connection reset by	连接被重置
ENOBUFS	105	No buffer space available	没有可用的缓冲空间
EISCONN	106	Transport endpoint	传输端点已经连接
ENOTCONN	107	Transport endpoint	传输终点没有连接
ESHUTDOWN	108	Cannot send after transport	传输后无法发送
ETOOMANYREFS	109	Too many references	太多的参考
ETIMEDOUT	110	Connection timed	连接超时
ECONNREFUSED	111	Connection refused	拒绝连接
EHOSTDOWN	112	Host is down	主机已关闭
EHOSTUNREACH	113	No route to host	没有主机的路由
EALREADY	114	Operation already	已运行
EINPROGRESS	115	Operation now in	正在运行
ESTALE	116	Stale NFS file handle	陈旧的NFS文件句柄
EUCLEAN	117	Structure needs cleaning	结构需要清洗
ENOTNAM	118	Not a XENIX-named	不是XENIX命名的
ENAVAIL	119	No XENIX semaphores	没有XENIX信号量
EISNAM	120	Is a named type file	是一个命名的文件类型
EREMOTEIO	121	Remote I/O error	远程输入/输出错误
EDQUOT	122	Quota exceeded	超出磁盘配额
ENOMEDIUM	123	No medium found	没有磁盘被发现
EMEDIUMTYPE	124	Wrong medium type	错误的媒体类型
ECANCELED	125	Operation Canceled	取消操作
ENOKEY	126	Required key not available	所需键不可用
EKEYEXPIRED	127	Key has expired	关键已过期
EKEYREVOKED	128	Key has been revoked	关键被撤销
EKEYREJECTED	129	Key was rejected by service	关键被拒绝服务
EOWNERDEAD	130	Owner died	所有者死亡
ENOTRECOVERABLE	131	State not recoverable	状态不可恢复
ERFKILL	132	Operation not possible due to RF-kill	由于RF-kill而无法操作

 
















 
 

 


 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 




 
 
 
 
 

 




 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 












 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

二、错误处理函数

许多不同的函数库都在失败时设置全局变量errno的值来指明失败原因。值得注意的是函数报告出错后必须立刻检查errno变量，因为它有可能被下一个函数调用所覆盖。
有两个非常有用的函数可以用来报告出现的错误：

#include <string.>
char *strerror(int errnum);
该函数把错误代码映射为一个字符串，对错误类型进行说明。

#include <stdio.h>
void perror(const char *s);
该函数也把errno变量中报告的错误应为到一个字符串，并把它输出到标准错误输出流。
---------------------

查看错误代码errno是调试程序的一个重要方法。当linuc C api函数发生异常时,一般会将errno变量(需include errno.h)赋一个整数值,不同的值表示不同的含义,可以通过查看该值推测出错的原因。在实际编程中用这一招解决了不少原本看来莫名其妙的问题。比较麻烦的是每次都要去linux源代码里面查找错误代码的含义，现在把它贴出来，以后需要查时就来这里看了。

 

 

1-34号错误号是在内核源码的include/asm-generic/errno-base.h定义


35-132则是在include/asm-generic/errno.h中定义


剩下还有一些更大的错误号是留给内核级别的，如系统调用等，用户程序一般是看不见的这些号的，Ubuntu9.10中/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.31-21-generic/include/linux/errno.h

 

 

 

#ifndef _ASM_GENERIC_ERRNO_BASE_H

#define _ASM_GENERIC_ERRNO_BASE_H

 

#define    EPERM         1    /＊ Operation not permitted ＊/

#define    ENOENT         2    /＊ No such file or directory ＊/

#define    ESRCH         3    /＊ No such process ＊/

#define    EINTR         4    /＊ Interrupted system call ＊/

#define    EIO         5    /＊ I/O error ＊/

#define    ENXIO         6    /＊ No such device or address ＊/

#define    E2BIG         7    /＊ Argument list too long ＊/

#define    ENOEXEC         8    /＊ Exec format error ＊/

#define    EBADF         9    /＊ Bad file number ＊/

#define    ECHILD        10    /＊ No child processes ＊/

#define    EAGAIN        11    /＊ Try again ＊/

#define    ENOMEM        12    /＊ Out of memory ＊/

#define    EACCES        13    /＊ Permission denied ＊/

#define    EFAULT        14    /＊ Bad address ＊/

#define    ENOTBLK        15    /＊ Block device required ＊/

#define    EBUSY        16    /＊ Device or resource busy ＊/

#define    EEXIST        17    /＊ File exists ＊/

#define    EXDEV        18    /＊ Cross-device link ＊/

#define    ENODEV        19    /＊ No such device ＊/

#define    ENOTDIR        20    /＊ Not a directory ＊/

#define    EISDIR        21    /＊ Is a directory ＊/

#define    EINVAL        22    /＊ Invalid argument ＊/

#define    ENFILE        23    /＊ File table overflow ＊/

#define    EMFILE        24    /＊ Too many open files ＊/

#define    ENOTTY        25    /＊ Not a typewriter ＊/

#define    ETXTBSY        26    /＊ Text file busy ＊/

#define    EFBIG        27    /＊ File too large ＊/

#define    ENOSPC        28    /＊ No space left on device ＊/

#define    ESPIPE        29    /＊ Illegal seek ＊/

#define    EROFS        30    /＊ Read-only file system ＊/

#define    EMLINK        31    /＊ Too many links ＊/

#define    EPIPE        32    /＊ Broken pipe ＊/

#define    EDOM        33    /＊ Math argument out of domain of func ＊/

#define    ERANGE        34    /＊ Math result not representable ＊/

 

#endif

 

 

#include <asm-generic/errno-base.h>

 

#define    EDEADLK        35    /＊ Resource deadlock would occur ＊/

#define    ENAMETOOLONG    36    /＊ File name too long ＊/

#define    ENOLCK        37    /＊ No record locks available ＊/

#define    ENOSYS        38    /＊ Function not implemented ＊/

#define    ENOTEMPTY    39    /＊ Directory not empty ＊/

#define    ELOOP        40    /＊ Too many symbolic links encountered ＊/

#define    EWOULDBLOCK    EAGAIN    /＊ Operation would block ＊/

#define    ENOMSG        42    /＊ No message of desired type ＊/

#define    EIDRM        43    /＊ Identifier removed ＊/

#define    ECHRNG        44    /＊ Channel number out of range ＊/

#define    EL2NSYNC    45    /＊ Level 2 not synchronized ＊/

#define    EL3HLT        46    /＊ Level 3 halted ＊/

#define    EL3RST        47    /＊ Level 3 reset ＊/

#define    ELNRNG        48    /＊ Link number out of range ＊/

#define    EUNATCH        49    /＊ Protocol driver not attached ＊/

#define    ENOCSI        50    /＊ No CSI structure available ＊/

#define    EL2HLT        51    /＊ Level 2 halted ＊/

#define    EBADE        52    /＊ Invalid exchange ＊/

#define    EBADR        53    /＊ Invalid request descriptor ＊/

#define    EXFULL        54    /＊ Exchange full ＊/

#define    ENOANO        55    /＊ No anode ＊/

#define    EBADRQC        56    /＊ Invalid request code ＊/

#define    EBADSLT        57    /＊ Invalid slot ＊/

 

#define    EDEADLOCK    EDEADLK

 

#define    EBFONT        59    /＊ Bad font file format ＊/

#define    ENOSTR        60    /＊ Device not a stream ＊/

#define    ENODATA        61    /＊ No data available ＊/

#define    ETIME        62    /＊ Timer expired ＊/

#define    ENOSR        63    /＊ Out of streams resources ＊/

#define    ENONET        64    /＊ Machine is not on the network ＊/

#define    ENOPKG        65    /＊ Package not installed ＊/

#define    EREMOTE        66    /＊ Object is remote ＊/

#define    ENOLINK        67    /＊ Link has been severed ＊/

#define    EADV        68    /＊ Advertise error ＊/

#define    ESRMNT        69    /＊ Srmount error ＊/

#define    ECOMM        70    /＊ Communication error on send ＊/

#define    EPROTO        71    /＊ Protocol error ＊/

#define    EMULTIHOP    72    /＊ Multihop attempted ＊/

#define    EDOTDOT        73    /＊ RFS specific error ＊/

#define    EBADMSG        74    /＊ Not a data message ＊/

#define    EOVERFLOW    75    /＊ Value too large for defined data type ＊/

#define    ENOTUNIQ    76    /＊ Name not unique on network ＊/

#define    EBADFD        77    /＊ File descriptor in bad state ＊/

#define    EREMCHG        78    /＊ Remote address changed ＊/

#define    ELIBACC        79    /＊ Can not access a needed shared library ＊/

#define    ELIBBAD        80    /＊ Accessing a corrupted shared library ＊/

#define    ELIBSCN        81    /＊ .lib section in a.out corrupted ＊/

#define    ELIBMAX        82    /＊ Attempting to link in too many shared libraries ＊/

#define    ELIBEXEC    83    /＊ Cannot exec a shared library directly ＊/

#define    EILSEQ        84    /＊ Illegal byte sequence ＊/

#define    ERESTART    85    /＊ Interrupted system call should be restarted ＊/

#define    ESTRPIPE    86    /＊ Streams pipe error ＊/

#define    EUSERS        87    /＊ Too many users ＊/

#define    ENOTSOCK    88    /＊ Socket operation on non-socket ＊/

#define    EDESTADDRREQ    89    /＊ Destination address required ＊/

#define    EMSGSIZE    90    /＊ Message too long ＊/

#define    EPROTOTYPE    91    /＊ Protocol wrong type for socket ＊/

#define    ENOPROTOOPT    92    /＊ Protocol not available ＊/

#define    EPROTONOSUPPORT    93    /＊ Protocol not supported ＊/

#define    ESOCKTNOSUPPORT    94    /＊ Socket type not supported ＊/

#define    EOPNOTSUPP    95    /＊ Operation not supported on transport endpoint ＊/

#define    EPFNOSUPPORT    96    /＊ Protocol family not supported ＊/

#define    EAFNOSUPPORT    97    /＊ Address family not supported by protocol ＊/

#define    EADDRINUSE    98    /＊ Address already in use ＊/

#define    EADDRNOTAVAIL    99    /＊ Cannot assign requested address ＊/

#define    ENETDOWN    100    /＊ Network is down ＊/

#define    ENETUNREACH    101    /＊ Network is unreachable ＊/

#define    ENETRESET    102    /＊ Network dropped connection because of reset ＊/

#define    ECONNABORTED    103    /＊ Software caused connection abort ＊/

#define    ECONNRESET    104    /＊ Connection reset by peer ＊/

#define    ENOBUFS        105    /＊ No buffer space available ＊/

#define    EISCONN        106    /＊ Transport endpoint is already connected ＊/

#define    ENOTCONN    107    /＊ Transport endpoint is not connected ＊/

#define    ESHUTDOWN    108    /＊ Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown ＊/

#define    ETOOMANYREFS    109    /＊ Too many references: cannot splice ＊/

#define    ETIMEDOUT    110    /＊ Connection timed out ＊/

#define    ECONNREFUSED    111    /＊ Connection refused ＊/

#define    EHOSTDOWN    112    /＊ Host is down ＊/

#define    EHOSTUNREACH    113    /＊ No route to host ＊/

#define    EALREADY    114    /＊ Operation already in progress ＊/

#define    EINPROGRESS    115    /＊ Operation now in progress ＊/

#define    ESTALE        116    /＊ Stale NFS file handle ＊/

#define    EUCLEAN        117    /＊ Structure needs cleaning ＊/

#define    ENOTNAM        118    /＊ Not a XENIX named type file ＊/

#define    ENAVAIL        119    /＊ No XENIX semaphores available ＊/

#define    EISNAM        120    /＊ Is a named type file ＊/

#define    EREMOTEIO    121    /＊ Remote I/O error ＊/

#define    EDQUOT        122    /＊ Quota exceeded ＊/

 

#define    ENOMEDIUM    123    /＊ No medium found ＊/

#define    EMEDIUMTYPE    124    /＊ Wrong medium type ＊/

#define    ECANCELED    125    /＊ Operation Canceled ＊/

#define    ENOKEY        126    /＊ Required key not available ＊/

#define    EKEYEXPIRED    127    /＊ Key has expired ＊/

#define    EKEYREVOKED    128    /＊ Key has been revoked ＊/

#define    EKEYREJECTED    129    /＊ Key was rejected by service ＊/

 

/＊ for robust mutexes ＊/

#define    EOWNERDEAD    130    /＊ Owner died ＊/

#define    ENOTRECOVERABLE    131    /＊ State not recoverable ＊/

 

#define ERFKILL        132    /＊ Operation not possible due to RF-kill ＊/

 

 

#ifdef __KERNEL__

 

/＊

 ＊ These should never be seen by user programs. To return one of ERESTART＊

 ＊ codes, signal_pending() MUST be set. Note that ptrace can observe these

 ＊ at syscall exit tracing, but they will never be left for the debugged user

 ＊ process to see.

 ＊/

#define ERESTARTSYS    512

#define ERESTARTNOINTR    513

#define ERESTARTNOHAND    514    /＊ restart if no handler.. ＊/

#define ENOIOCTLCMD    515    /＊ No ioctl command ＊/

#define ERESTART_RESTARTBLOCK 516 /＊ restart by calling sys_restart_syscall ＊/

 

/＊ Defined for the NFSv3 protocol ＊/

#define EBADHANDLE    521    /＊ Illegal NFS file handle ＊/

#define ENOTSYNC    522    /＊ Update synchronization mismatch ＊/

#define EBADCOOKIE    523    /＊ Cookie is stale ＊/

#define ENOTSUPP    524    /＊ Operation is not supported ＊/

#define ETOOSMALL    525    /＊ Buffer or request is too small ＊/

#define ESERVERFAULT    526    /＊ An untranslatable error occurred ＊/

#define EBADTYPE    527    /＊ Type not supported by server ＊/

#define EJUKEBOX    528    /＊ Request initiated, but will not complete before timeout ＊/

#define EIOCBQUEUED    529    /＊ iocb queued, will get completion event ＊/

#define EIOCBRETRY    530    /＊ iocb queued, will trigger a retry ＊/

 

#endif