C++ 类的存储空间及数据成员变量覆盖

问题：

代码：

类的定义代码：

class Empty {
};

class EmptyNonVirtual {
  public:
    EmptyNonVirtual() {}
    ~EmptyNonVirtual() {}
};

class EmptyVirtual {
  public:
    EmptyVirtual() {}
    virtual~EmptyVirtual() {}
};

class Base1 {
  public:
    Base1() {}
    void print() {}
};

class Base2 {
  public:
    short m;
    Base2() { m = 3; std::cout << "construct Base2.m=" << this->m << std::endl; }
    void print() {   std::cout << "print           m=" << this->m << std::endl; }
};


class F1 : public Base2 {
  public:
    short m;
    F1() { m = 4; std::cout << "construct    F1.m=" << this->m << std::endl; }
};

class F2A: public F1  {
  public:
    char* c;
};

class F2B : public F1  {
  private:
    char str;
};

测试函数代码：

int test() {
    //
    std::cout << "Empty           size = " << sizeof (Empty) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "EmptyNonVirtual size = " << sizeof (EmptyNonVirtual) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "EmptyVirtual    size = " << sizeof (EmptyVirtual) << std::endl;
    //
    std::cout << "Base1 size = " << sizeof (Base1) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Base2 size = " << sizeof (Base2) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "F1    size = " << sizeof (F1) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "F2A   size = " << sizeof (F2A) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "F2B   size = " << sizeof (F2B) << std::endl;
    //
    F1 f1;
    f1.print();
    std::cout << "f1.m=" << f1.m << std::endl;
    //
    return 0;
}

演示结果：

d:\mylaf\project\vs2013\project_code\testvirtualinputv2\mainvirtualinputv2.cc
Empty           size = 1
EmptyNonVirtual size = 1
EmptyVirtual    size = 4
Base1 size = 1
Base2 size = 2
F1    size = 4
F2A   size = 8
F2B   size = 6
construct Base2.m=3
construct    F1.m=4
print           m=3
f1.m=4

扩展：