Android学习篇章49-SurfaceView-照相

View:

//SurfaceView是专用于显示动态影像的view  它的内部实现了双缓冲区等技术
//可以使画面的刷新更为平滑 所以像视频的播放或者游戏的显示一般都是用SurfaceView
public class MyPreviewView  extends SurfaceView
   implements Callback
  {

	Context context=null;
	Camera  camera=null;
	SurfaceHolder  mHolder=null;
	boolean  previewRunning=false;
	public MyPreviewView(Context context) {
		super(context);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	public MyPreviewView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
		super(context, attrs, defStyle);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	public MyPreviewView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
		super(context, attrs);
		this.context=context;
		mHolder=this.getHolder();//获得SurfaceView的控制器
		mHolder.addCallback(this);//设置Holder的回调接口
		//holder将会通过这个回调接口控制SurfaceView的显示或者刷新等行为
		mHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
	}
	
	//拍照的方法
	public void takePic()
	{
		if(camera!=null)
		{
			//这三个参数分别是三个回调函数
			//shutter表示 按下快门时 要执行的操作
			//raw 表示要把图片保存成raw格式时所作的操作
			//jpeg表示要把图片保存成jpg格式
			camera.takePicture(shutter,null, jpeg);
			previewRunning=false;
			startPreview();
		}
	}

	
	ShutterCallback  shutter=new ShutterCallback() {
		
		@Override
		public void onShutter() {
			// 你可以去实现一个快门的动画效果  或者发出快门的声效
			Toast.makeText(context, "拍照了！！咔嚓", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
		}
	};
	PictureCallback  jpeg=new PictureCallback() {
		
		@Override
		public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			String path=Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/mypic.jpg";
			try {
				//保存图片
				FileOutputStream  fos=new FileOutputStream(path);
			    fos.write(data, 0, data.length);
			    fos.flush();
			    fos.close();
			} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	};
	
	
	//这个方法在SurfaceView的显示区域发生改变时会执行
	@Override
	public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,
			int height) {
		iniPreview(width,height);
		startPreview();
		
	}
	
	public  void iniPreview(int width,int height)
	{
		// 获得摄像头的默认设置参数  你可以自由设置这些参数  来修改摄像头的拍摄特性
		 Parameters  parms=camera.getParameters();
		 Log.i("test", "screen w:"+width+" h:"+height);
		 Camera.Size size=getBestPreviewSize(width,height,parms);
		 //设置预览的尺寸
		 parms.setPreviewSize(size.width, size.height);
		 parms.setPictureFormat(ImageFormat.JPEG);
		 setCameraDisplayOrientation(cameraId);
		 try {
			camera.setPreviewDisplay(mHolder);
		 } catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		 }
	}
	
	//开始预览
	public  void startPreview()
	{
		
		if(previewRunning && camera!=null)
		{
			//如果已经处于预览状态  需要先结束 再启动
			camera.stopPreview();
			previewRunning=false;
		}
		camera.startPreview();
		previewRunning=true;
		
	}
	
	
	//设置预览图像的旋转角度
	@SuppressLint("NewApi")
	public  void setCameraDisplayOrientation(int cameraId) {
	     android.hardware.Camera.CameraInfo info =
	             new android.hardware.Camera.CameraInfo();
	     android.hardware.Camera.getCameraInfo(cameraId, info);
	     //获得显示屏的旋转角度  rotation是方向的代码 0 0度 1.旋转90度 2 代表旋转180度
	     //3.代表旋转270  这四种方向状态并不是每一款手机都有的,有的手机只有一种横屏
	     int rotation =((Activity) context).getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay()
	             .getRotation();
	     int degrees = 0;
	     switch (rotation) {
	         case Surface.ROTATION_0: degrees = 0; break;
	         case Surface.ROTATION_90: degrees = 90; break;
	         case Surface.ROTATION_180: degrees = 180; break;
	         case Surface.ROTATION_270: degrees = 270; break;
	     }

	     int result;
	     if (info.facing == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT) {
	         result = (info.orientation + degrees) % 360;
	         result = (360 - result) % 360;  // compensate the mirror
	     } else {  // back-facing
	         result = (info.orientation - degrees + 360) % 360;
	     }
	     camera.setDisplayOrientation(result);
	 }
	
	//确定预览尺寸的最合适的size大小
	public  Camera.Size  getBestPreviewSize(int width,int height,Parameters parms)
	{
		Camera.Size result=null;
		 List<Camera.Size>  sizeList=parms.getSupportedPreviewSizes();
		 for(Camera.Size s:sizeList)
		 {
			 Log.i("test", "-----w:"+s.width+" h:"+s.height);
			 if(result==null && s.width<=width && s.height<=height)
			 {
				 result=s;
				 //预览尺寸不能大于显示屏幕的尺寸
			 }else if(result!=null &&s.width<=width && s.height<=height)
			 {
				 //把新尺寸的显示面积与老尺寸对比
				 int newArea=s.width*s.height;
				 int oldArea=result.width*result.height;
				 if(newArea>oldArea)
				 {
					 result=s;//新尺寸的显示面积大 则替换老尺寸
				 }
			 }
		 }
		 Log.i("test", "result w:"+result.width+" h:"+result.height);
      return result;
	}

	//在SurfaceView创建时被执行
	@SuppressLint("NewApi")
	@Override
	public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
		//SurfaceView创建时 打开相机
		  int count=Camera.getNumberOfCameras();//获得手机所拥有的摄像头的数量
		   cameraId=getBackCameraId();
		  //打开后置摄像头
		  camera=Camera.open(cameraId);
		  
	}

	int cameraId=0;
	@SuppressLint("NewApi")
	public  int  getBackCameraId()
	{
		  int count=Camera.getNumberOfCameras();//获得手机所拥有的摄像头的数量
		
		  for(int cameraId=0;cameraId<count;cameraId++)
		  {
			  //获得指定ID的摄像头的信息 
			CameraInfo  info=new CameraInfo();
		    Camera.getCameraInfo(cameraId,info);
		    if(info.facing==CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_BACK)
		    {
		    	//判断该摄像头是不是后置摄像头
		    	return cameraId;
		    }
		  }
      return 0;
	}
	//销毁时被执行
	@Override
	public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		if(camera!=null)
		{
			  camera.release();
			  camera=null;
			  previewRunning=false;
		}
	}
	
	

}

acitivity:

public class MyOwnCameraActivity extends Activity {

	MyPreviewView  myview=null;
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_my_own_camera);
		myview=(MyPreviewView)findViewById(R.id.myview);
		myview.setOnClickListener(lst);
	}
	View.OnClickListener lst=new View.OnClickListener() {
		
		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			myview.takePic();
		}
	};

	@Override
	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
		// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
		getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.my_own_camera, menu);
		return true;
	}

}

xml:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MyOwnCameraActivity" >

    <camera.own.MyPreviewView
        android:id="@+id/myview"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
    />

</RelativeLayout>

权限：

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>