+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++mysql 基础操作 //主键549830479 alter table tabelname add new_field_id int(5) unsigned default 0 not null auto_increment ,add primary key (new_field_id); //增加一个新列549830479 alter table t2 add d timestamp; alter table infos add ex tinyint not null default '0'; //删除列549830479 alter table t2 drop column c; //重命名列549830479 alter table t1 change a b integer; //改变列的类型549830479 alter table t1 change b b bigint not null; alter table infos change list list tinyint not null default '0'; //重命名表549830479 alter table t1 rename t2; 加索引549830479 mysql> alter table tablename change depno depno int(5) not null; mysql> alter table tablename add index 索引名 (字段名1[,字段名2 …]); mysql> alter table tablename add index emp_name (name); 加主关键字的索引549830479 mysql> alter table tablename add primary key(id); 加唯一限制条件的索引549830479 mysql> alter table tablename add unique emp_name2(cardnumber); 删除某个索引549830479 mysql>alter table tablename drop index emp_name; 修改表:549830479 增加字段:549830479 mysql> ALTER TABLE table_name ADD field_name field_type; 修改原字段名称及类型:549830479 mysql> ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE old_field_name new_field_name field_type; 删除字段:549830479 mysql> ALTER TABLE table_name DROP field_name; +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++mysql 约束 --------添加主键约束(bookid作为主键) alter table bookmessage add constraint pk_bookid primary key(bookid) --------添加唯一约束 alter table bookmessage add constraint uq_bookid UNIQUE(bookid) ---------添加默认约束 alter table bookmessage add constraint df_address DEFAUIT('地址不详') for Address --------添加检出约束,要求年龄只能在15---40之间 alter table readermessage add constraint CK_age CHECK(age BETWEEN 15 AND 40) -------添加外键约束 alter table bookmessage add constraint fk_bookid foreign key(bookid)<外键> references readermessage<表>(readerid)<表中的主键> -------删除约束 alter table 表名 drop constraint 约束名 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++