前面
linux设备驱动模型一字符设备open系统调用流程这里讲了linux open系统调用的流程,里面主要是打开一个已经存在的文件,但是当文件不存在时,如果指定了O_CREATE标志,并且可以创建文件的话,就会新创建一个文件,这里接着了解下文件的创建过程,这里的内核版本是3.0的,跟前面 这个不同,不过流程其实还是一样的
接着open系统调用到了do_last,进行一些初始化及判断后,调用vfs_create
error = security_path_mknod(&nd->path, dentry, mode, 0);
if (error)
goto exit_mutex_unlock;
error = vfs_create(dir->d_inode, dentry, mode, nd);
if (error)
goto exit_mutex_unlock;
mutex_unlock(&dir->d_inode->i_mutex);
dput(nd->path.dentry);
nd->path.dentry = dentry;
goto common;
vfs_create函数比较简单,
error = security_path_mknod(&nd->path, dentry, mode, 0);
if (error)
goto exit_mutex_unlock;
error = vfs_create(dir->d_inode, dentry, mode, nd);
if (error)
goto exit_mutex_unlock;
mutex_unlock(&dir->d_inode->i_mutex);
dput(nd->path.dentry);
nd->path.dentry = dentry;
goto common;
int vfs_create(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode,
struct nameidata *nd)
{
int error = may_create(dir, dentry);
printk("leaves Enter %s \n", __FUNCTION__);
printk("leaves dentry %s \n", dentry->d_name.name);
if (error)
return error;
if (!dir->i_op->create)
return -EACCES; /* shouldn't it be ENOSYS? */
mode &= S_IALLUGO;
mode |= S_IFREG;
error = security_inode_create(dir, dentry, mode);
if (error)
return error;
error = dir->i_op->create(dir, dentry, mode, nd);
if (!error)
fsnotify_create(dir, dentry);
printk("leaves Exit %s \n", __FUNCTION__);
return error;
}
基本上就是直接调用父节点的inode_operations的create方法,这里以在/dev目录下面创建文件为例,我们知道,/dev目录的文件系统为tmpfs
int vfs_create(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode,
struct nameidata *nd)
{
int error = may_create(dir, dentry);
printk("leaves Enter %s \n", __FUNCTION__);
printk("leaves dentry %s \n", dentry->d_name.name);
if (error)
return error;
if (!dir->i_op->create)
return -EACCES; /* shouldn't it be ENOSYS? */
mode &= S_IALLUGO;
mode |= S_IFREG;
error = security_inode_create(dir, dentry, mode);
if (error)
return error;
error = dir->i_op->create(dir, dentry, mode, nd);
if (!error)
fsnotify_create(dir, dentry);
printk("leaves Exit %s \n", __FUNCTION__);
return error;
}
在系统启动的时候,一般有mount("tmpfs", "/dev", "tmpfs", 0, "mode=0755");
而在创建/dev目录的时候,就会将其i_op设置为shmem_dir_inode_operations,所以这时对应调用shmem_create这个方法。
static int shmem_create(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode,
struct nameidata *nd)
{
return shmem_mknod(dir, dentry, mode | S_IFREG, 0);
}
这个函数只是一个简单的封装
static int shmem_create(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode,
struct nameidata *nd)
{
return shmem_mknod(dir, dentry, mode | S_IFREG, 0);
}
/*
* File creation. Allocate an inode, and we're done..
*/
static int
shmem_mknod(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode, dev_t dev)
{
struct inode *inode;
int error = -ENOSPC;
inode = shmem_get_inode(dir->i_sb, dir, mode, dev, VM_NORESERVE);//获取一个inode节点
if (inode) {
error = security_inode_init_security(inode, dir,
&dentry->d_name, NULL,
NULL, NULL);
if (error) {
if (error != -EOPNOTSUPP) {
iput(inode);
return error;
}
}
#ifdef CONFIG_TMPFS_POSIX_ACL
error = generic_acl_init(inode, dir);
if (error) {
iput(inode);
return error;
}
#else
error = 0;
#endif
dir->i_size += BOGO_DIRENT_SIZE;
dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = CURRENT_TIME;
d_instantiate(dentry, inode);//为一个目录项填充索引节点信息
dget(dentry); /* Extra count - pin the dentry in core */
}
return error;
}
这里调用shmem_get_inode new一个i节点
/*
* File creation. Allocate an inode, and we're done..
*/
static int
shmem_mknod(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode, dev_t dev)
{
struct inode *inode;
int error = -ENOSPC;
inode = shmem_get_inode(dir->i_sb, dir, mode, dev, VM_NORESERVE);//获取一个inode节点
if (inode) {
error = security_inode_init_security(inode, dir,
&dentry->d_name, NULL,
NULL, NULL);
if (error) {
if (error != -EOPNOTSUPP) {
iput(inode);
return error;
}
}
#ifdef CONFIG_TMPFS_POSIX_ACL
error = generic_acl_init(inode, dir);
if (error) {
iput(inode);
return error;
}
#else
error = 0;
#endif
dir->i_size += BOGO_DIRENT_SIZE;
dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = CURRENT_TIME;
d_instantiate(dentry, inode);//为一个目录项填充索引节点信息
dget(dentry); /* Extra count - pin the dentry in core */
}
return error;
}
static struct inode *shmem_get_inode(struct super_block *sb, const struct inode *dir,
int mode, dev_t dev, unsigned long flags)
{
struct inode *inode;
struct shmem_inode_info *info;
struct shmem_sb_info *sbinfo = SHMEM_SB(sb);
if (shmem_reserve_inode(sb))
return NULL;
inode = new_inode(sb);//新建一个i节点
if (inode) {
inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
inode_init_owner(inode, dir, mode);
inode->i_blocks = 0;
inode->i_mapping->backing_dev_info = &shmem_backing_dev_info;
inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME;
inode->i_generation = get_seconds();
info = SHMEM_I(inode);
memset(info, 0, (char *)inode - (char *)info);
spin_lock_init(&info->lock);
info->flags = flags & VM_NORESERVE;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&info->swaplist);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&info->xattr_list);
cache_no_acl(inode);
switch (mode & S_IFMT) {//设置i节点的i节点操作和文件操作
default:
inode->i_op = &shmem_special_inode_operations;
init_special_inode(inode, mode, dev);
break;
case S_IFREG:
inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &shmem_aops;
inode->i_op = &shmem_inode_operations;
inode->i_fop = &shmem_file_operations;
mpol_shared_policy_init(&info->policy,
shmem_get_sbmpol(sbinfo));
break;
case S_IFDIR:
inc_nlink(inode);
/* Some things misbehave if size == 0 on a directory */
inode->i_size = 2 * BOGO_DIRENT_SIZE;
inode->i_op = &shmem_dir_inode_operations;
inode->i_fop = &simple_dir_operations;
break;
case S_IFLNK:
/*
* Must not load anything in the rbtree,
* mpol_free_shared_policy will not be called.
*/
mpol_shared_policy_init(&info->policy, NULL);
break;
}
} else
shmem_free_inode(sb);
return inode;
}
个人理解,创建一个文件和文件夹对linux来说没什么区别,都是新建一个i节点和一个目录项对象。
static struct inode *shmem_get_inode(struct super_block *sb, const struct inode *dir,
int mode, dev_t dev, unsigned long flags)
{
struct inode *inode;
struct shmem_inode_info *info;
struct shmem_sb_info *sbinfo = SHMEM_SB(sb);
if (shmem_reserve_inode(sb))
return NULL;
inode = new_inode(sb);//新建一个i节点
if (inode) {
inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
inode_init_owner(inode, dir, mode);
inode->i_blocks = 0;
inode->i_mapping->backing_dev_info = &shmem_backing_dev_info;
inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME;
inode->i_generation = get_seconds();
info = SHMEM_I(inode);
memset(info, 0, (char *)inode - (char *)info);
spin_lock_init(&info->lock);
info->flags = flags & VM_NORESERVE;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&info->swaplist);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&info->xattr_list);
cache_no_acl(inode);
switch (mode & S_IFMT) {//设置i节点的i节点操作和文件操作
default:
inode->i_op = &shmem_special_inode_operations;
init_special_inode(inode, mode, dev);
break;
case S_IFREG:
inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &shmem_aops;
inode->i_op = &shmem_inode_operations;
inode->i_fop = &shmem_file_operations;
mpol_shared_policy_init(&info->policy,
shmem_get_sbmpol(sbinfo));
break;
case S_IFDIR:
inc_nlink(inode);
/* Some things misbehave if size == 0 on a directory */
inode->i_size = 2 * BOGO_DIRENT_SIZE;
inode->i_op = &shmem_dir_inode_operations;
inode->i_fop = &simple_dir_operations;
break;
case S_IFLNK:
/*
* Must not load anything in the rbtree,
* mpol_free_shared_policy will not be called.
*/
mpol_shared_policy_init(&info->policy, NULL);
break;
}
} else
shmem_free_inode(sb);
return inode;
}