开关阀(5):术语解释

Term	Definition
ESD and SIS System	It is an Electrical / Electronic / Programmable Electronic safety-related System that provides the safeguarding of the process and equipment to protect personnel, assets and environment. It comprises of sensors/transmitters, the final control elements, and the logic solver. 它是一个电气/电子/可编程电子安全相关系统，为过程和设备提供保障，以保护人员、资产和环境。它由传感器/变送器、最终控制元件和逻辑求解器组成。
PFD	A value that indicates the probability that a device or system will fail to respond to a demand in a specified interval of time. 指示设备或系统在规定的时间间隔内不能响应需求的概率的一种值。
Reliability	The probability that when operating under stated environmental conditions, the system will perform continuously, as specified, over a specific time interval. 在规定的环境条件下运行时，系统在规定的时间间隔内连续运行的概率。
Fail Safe	The capability to go to a predetermined safe-state in the event of a specific malfunction. 在发生特定故障时进入预定安全状态的能力。
Fault-Tolerant System	A system incorporating design features which enable the system to detect and log transient or steady-state fault conditions and take appropriate corrective action while remaining on-line and performing its specified function. 一种系统，其设计特点使系统能够检测和记录暂态或稳态故障情况，并在保持在线状态和执行其规定功能的同时采取适当的纠正措施。
MTTF	‘Mean Time To Failure’ is the expected time to failure of a system in a population of identical systems. “平均失效时间”是指在一群相同的系统中，一个系统的预期失效时间。
MTTR	Mean Time To Restore’ is the statistical average of time taken to identify and repair a fault (including diagnosis). “平均恢复时间”是识别和修复故障(包括诊断)所需时间的统计平均值。
Response Time	Total maximum time required to read all field inputs, program execution and change field output state at I/O card channel level. 在I/O卡通道级别读取所有字段输入、程序执行和更改字段输出状态所需的总最大时间。
Safety Instrumented Function (SIF)	Safety function with a specified safety integrity level which is necessary to achieve functional safety and which can be either a safety instrumented protection function or a safety instrumented control function. 具有规定的安全完整性等级的安全功能，是实现功能安全所必需的，可以是安全仪表保护功能或安全仪表控制功能。
Safety integrity	Average probability of a safety instrumented system satisfactorily performing the required safety instrumented functions under all the stated conditions within a stated period of time. 在规定的时间内，在所有规定的条件下，安全仪表系统满意地执行所要求的安全仪表功能的平均概率。
Safety Integrity Level (SIL)	Discrete level (one out of four) for specifying the safety integrity requirements of the safety instrumented functions to be allocated to the safety instrumented Systems. Safety integrity level 4 has the highest level of safety integrity; safety integrity level 1 has the lowest. 用于指定分配给安全仪表系统的安全仪表功能的安全完整性要求的离散级别(四分之一)。安全完整性等级4表示安全完整性等级最高;安全完整性等级1最低。
Safety Integrity Level (SIL)安全完整性级别	Activity of demonstrating that the safety instrumented function(s) and safety instrumented system(s) under consideration after installation meets in all respects the safety requirements specification. 证明安装后正在考虑的安全仪表功能和安全仪表系统在各方面符合安全要求规范的活动。
SIL Verification 安全完整性验证	Activity of demonstrating for each phase of the relevant safety life cycle by analysis and/or tests that, for specific inputs, the outputs meet in all respects the objectives and requirements set for the specific phase. 通过分析和(或)测试，证明在相关安全生命周期的每个阶段，对特定的输入和输出在各方面都满足为特定阶段设定的目标和要求的活动。
Watchdog 监管机构	Combination of diagnostics and an output device (typically a switch) for monitoring the correct operation of PES device and taking action upon detection of an incorrect operation. 诊断和输出设备(通常是开关)的组合，用于监视PES设备的正确操作，并在检测到错误操作时采取行动。