广义表的简单运用实例（导师制）--广义表的建立和输出

//head.h

typedef struct GLNode{
	char name[100];
	char prof[100];
	int type;
	struct {
		/*理解：hp是同级关系，tp是上下级关系*/
		struct GLNode* hp, *tp;
	}ptr;
}GList;

//test.cpp

#include"head.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstdlib>
using namespace std;


GList* creatList(char * str)
{
	/*p为导师，q为研究生，a为本科生，m为新开辟节点*/
	GLNode *head, *p, *q, *a, *m;
	int i = 0, j = 0, flag = 0, flag1 = 0, flag2 = 0, len = strlen(str);
	head = p = q = m = a = NULL;
	while (i<len)
	{
		if (str[i] == '(' || str[i] == ')'|| str[i] == ',')
		{
			i++;
			continue;
		}
		else
		{
			if (!(m = (GList*)malloc(sizeof(GList))))
				exit(1);
			for (j = 0; str[i] != '-';)
			{
				m->name[j++] = str[i++];
			}
			m->name[j] = '\0';
			//cout << "当前建立节点的姓名为：" << m->name << endl;
			/*注意要++i，省略掉掉-*/
			for (j = 0, ++i; str[i] != '-';)
			{
				m->prof[j++] = str[i++];
			}
			m->prof[j] = '\0';
			//cout << "当前建立节点的属性为：" << m->prof << endl;
			/*注意要++i，省略掉掉-*/
			m->type = str[++i] - 48;
			//cout << "当前建立节点的编号为：" << m->type << endl;
			m->ptr.hp = m->ptr.tp = NULL;
			/*注意要++i，省略掉掉），才能使下一次开始时i的位置正确*/
			i++;

			/*导师*/
			if (m->type == 0)
			{
				if (flag)    /*非首节点*/
				{
					p->ptr.hp = m;
					p = m;
				}
				else         /*首节点*/
				{
					head = p = m;
					flag = 1;
				}
				flag1 = 0;
				a = q = m;
			}

			/*研究生*/
			else if (m->type == 1)
			{
				if (flag1)   /*非首节点*/
				{
					q->ptr.hp = m;
					q = m;
				}
				else       /*首节点*/
				{
					q->ptr.tp = m;
					q = m;
					flag1 = 1;
				}
				flag2 = 0;
				a = m;
			}

			/*本科生*/
			else
			{                                             
				if (flag2)    /*非首节点*/
				{
					a->ptr.hp = m;
					a = m;
				}
				else         /*首节点*/
				{
					a->ptr.tp = m;
					a = m;
					flag2 = 1;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	return head;
}

/*按照深度优先输出*/
void GListPrint(GList *head)
{
	GList *p, *q, *a;
	int flag = 0, flag1 = 0, flag2 = 0;
	p = head;
	printf("(");
	while (true)
	{                  /*导师范围*/
		if (p == NULL)
			break;
		if (flag)
			printf(",(%s-%s-%d", p->name, p->prof, p->type);
		else
		{
			printf("(%s-%s-%d", p->name, p->prof, p->type);
			flag = 1;
		}
		q = p->ptr.tp;
		flag1 = flag2 = 0;
		while (true)
		{               /*研究生或本科生范围*/
			if (q == NULL)
				break;
			if (flag1)
			{
				if (q->type == 1)
					printf(",(%s-%s-%d", q->name, q->prof, q->type);
				else
					printf(",%s-%s-%d", q->name, q->prof, q->type);
			}
			else
			{
				printf(",(%s-%s-%d", q->name, q->prof, q->type);
				flag1 = 1;
			}
			a = q->ptr.tp;
			flag2 = 0;
			while (true)
			{			/*本科生范围*/
				if (a == NULL)
					break;
				if (flag2)
					printf(",%s-%s-%d", a->name, a->prof, a->type);
				else
				{
					printf(",(%s-%s-%d", a->name, a->prof, a->type);
					flag2 = 1;
				}
				
				a = a->ptr.hp;
			}
			if (flag2) printf(")");
			if (q->type == 1 || q->ptr.hp == NULL)
				printf(")");
			q = q->ptr.hp;
		}
		printf(")");
		p = p->ptr.hp;
	}
	printf(")");
}
int main(){
	GList* head;
	char * data = "((高老师-教授-0,(李明-一班-1,王平-二班-2)),(李老师-副教授-0,(白梅-二班-1,(李刚-一班-2))))";
	head=creatList(data);
	GListPrint(head);
}