spring mvc java配置代替xml配置的启动过程

• java配置类，类似下列代码

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackageClasses = { AppConfig.class})
@EnableWebMvc
@PropertySource({ "classpath:/application.properties", "classpath:/redis.properties" })
public class AppConfig 

• web.xml配置

<servlet>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>com.test.AppConfig</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextClass</param-name>
            <param-value>org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

• DispatcherServlet父类FrameworkServlet、HttpServletBean，HttpServletBean继承了HttpServlet，因此DispatcherServlet能从init方法中开始加载spring各组建。DispatcherServlet在override init()方法中调用了FrameworkServlet中的initServletBean方法。

        try {
            //初始化WebApplicationContext
            this.webApplicationContext = initWebApplicationContext();
            //空方法 用于子类复写
            initFrameworkServlet();
        }

• 在FrameworkServlet的createWebApplicationContext方法

protected WebApplicationContext createWebApplicationContext(ApplicationContext parent) {
//获取web.xml配置contextClass参数 AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext
        Class<?> contextClass = getContextClass();
        if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            this.logger.debug("Servlet with name '" + getServletName() +
                    "' will try to create custom WebApplicationContext context of class '" +
                    contextClass.getName() + "'" + ", using parent context [" + parent + "]");
        }
        if (!ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.class.isAssignableFrom(contextClass)) {
            throw new ApplicationContextException(
                    "Fatal initialization error in servlet with name '" + getServletName() +
                    "': custom WebApplicationContext class [" + contextClass.getName() +
                    "] is not of type ConfigurableWebApplicationContext");
        }
        //初始化AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext bean
        ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac =
                (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(contextClass);

        wac.setEnvironment(getEnvironment());
        wac.setParent(parent);
        //设置ConfigLocation属性为web.xml配置contextConfigLocation
        wac.setConfigLocation(getContextConfigLocation());
        //在此方法调用AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext.refresh方法
        //refresh方法负责spring bean加载等初始化工作
        configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(wac);

        return wac;
    }

• AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext refresh方法
  refresh->obtainFreshBeanFactory->refreshBeanFactory->loadBeanDefinitions负责加载BeanDefinition

loadBeanDefinitions代码片段：

//这里获取的是web.xml配置contextConfigLocation
String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
        if (configLocations != null) {
            for (String configLocation : configLocations) {
                try {
                //初始化com.test.AppConfig bean
                    Class<?> clazz = getClassLoader().loadClass(configLocation);
                    //加载AppConfig指定的ComponentScan范围内的bean
                    reader.register(clazz);
                }
                catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
                    int count = scanner.scan(configLocation);
                }
            }
        }

• @configuration注解的类由ConfigurationClassPostProcessor类解析。
• ConfigurationClassParser负责具体解析。