【PAT】【Advanced Level】1099. Build A Binary Search Tree (30)

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1099. Build A Binary Search Tree (30)

时间限制
100 ms
内存限制
65536 kB
代码长度限制
16000 B
判题程序
Standard
作者
CHEN, Yue

A Binary Search Tree (BST) is recursively defined as a binary tree which has the following properties:

  • The left subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys less than the node's key.
  • The right subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys greater than or equal to the node's key.
  • Both the left and right subtrees must also be binary search trees.

    Given the structure of a binary tree and a sequence of distinct integer keys, there is only one way to fill these keys into the tree so that the resulting tree satisfies the definition of a BST. You are supposed to output the level order traversal sequence of that tree. The sample is illustrated by Figure 1 and 2.

    Input Specification:

    Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives a positive integer N (<=100) which is the total number of nodes in the tree. The next N lines each contains the left and the right children of a node in the format "left_index right_index", provided that the nodes are numbered from 0 to N-1, and 0 is always the root. If one child is missing, then -1 will represent the NULL child pointer. Finally N distinct integer keys are given in the last line.

    Output Specification:

    For each test case, print in one line the level order traversal sequence of that tree. All the numbers must be separated by a space, with no extra space at the end of the line.

    Sample Input:
    9
    1 6
    2 3
    -1 -1
    -1 4
    5 -1
    -1 -1
    7 -1
    -1 8
    -1 -1
    73 45 11 58 82 25 67 38 42
    
    Sample Output:
    58 25 82 11 38 67 45 73 42
原题链接:
https://www.patest.cn/contests/pat-a-practise/1099

思路:

中序遍历序列即升序序列。

首先得出中序遍历序列,然后将排好序的数填入,最后按层序输出。

CODE:

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>

#define N 110


using namespace std;

typedef struct S
{
	int bh;
	int val;
	int ls;
	int rs;
	int num;
};
S ori[N];
vector<S> pt;

int in[N];
int sum;

void dfs(int n,int flo)
{
	if (ori[n].ls!=-1)	dfs(ori[n].ls,flo+1);
	ori[n].bh=flo;
	ori[n].num=sum;
	sum++;
	pt.push_back(ori[n]);
	if (ori[n].rs!=-1)	dfs(ori[n].rs,flo+1);
}
bool cmp(S a, S b)
{
	if (a.bh==b.bh)
		return a.num<b.num;
	else
		return a.bh<b.bh;
}

int main()
{
	int n;
	cin>>n;
	for (int i=0;i<n;i++)
	{
		cin>>ori[i].ls>>ori[i].rs;
	}
	for (int i=0;i<n;i++)
		cin>>in[i];
	sum=0;
	dfs(0,0);
	sort(in,in+n);
	for (int i=0;i<n;i++)
	{
	//	cout<<pt[i].bh<<" "<<in[i]<<endl;
		pt[i].val=in[i];
	}
	//cout<<endl;
	sort(pt.begin(),pt.end(),cmp);
	for (int i=0;i<n;i++)
	{
		if (i!=0) cout<<" ";
		cout<<pt[i].val;
	}
	return 0;
}


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【Solution】 To convert a binary search tree into a sorted circular doubly linked list, we can use the following steps: 1. Inorder traversal of the binary search tree to get the elements in sorted order. 2. Create a doubly linked list and add the elements from the inorder traversal to it. 3. Make the list circular by connecting the head and tail nodes. 4. Return the head node of the circular doubly linked list. Here's the Python code for the solution: ``` class Node: def __init__(self, val): self.val = val self.prev = None self.next = None def tree_to_doubly_list(root): if not root: return None stack = [] cur = root head = None prev = None while cur or stack: while cur: stack.append(cur) cur = cur.left cur = stack.pop() if not head: head = cur if prev: prev.right = cur cur.left = prev prev = cur cur = cur.right head.left = prev prev.right = head return head ``` To verify the accuracy of the code, we can use the following test cases: ``` # Test case 1 # Input: [4,2,5,1,3] # Output: # Binary search tree: # 4 # / \ # 2 5 # / \ # 1 3 # Doubly linked list: 1 <-> 2 <-> 3 <-> 4 <-> 5 # Doubly linked list in reverse order: 5 <-> 4 <-> 3 <-> 2 <-> 1 root = Node(4) root.left = Node(2) root.right = Node(5) root.left.left = Node(1) root.left.right = Node(3) head = tree_to_doubly_list(root) print("Binary search tree:") print_tree(root) print("Doubly linked list:") print_list(head) print("Doubly linked list in reverse order:") print_list_reverse(head) # Test case 2 # Input: [2,1,3] # Output: # Binary search tree: # 2 # / \ # 1 3 # Doubly linked list: 1 <-> 2 <-> 3 # Doubly linked list in reverse order: 3 <-> 2 <-> 1 root = Node(2) root.left = Node(1) root.right = Node(3) head = tree_to_doubly_list(root) print("Binary search tree:") print_tree(root) print("Doubly linked list:") print_list(head) print("Doubly linked list in reverse order:") print_list_reverse(head) ``` The output of the test cases should match the expected output as commented in the code.

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