Binder实用指南（二） - 实战篇

本章的内容主要说明如何在JavaFramework层和Native层自定义Client-Server组件，并且使用Binder进行通信。

一、Native Binder

源码目录结构:

alps/frameworks/native/cmds/NativeBinderDemo/

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|-NativeBinderDemo |---ClientDemo.cpp: 客户端程序 |---ServerDemo.cpp：服务端程序 |---IMyService.h：自定义的MyService服务的头文件 |---IMyService.cpp：自定义的MyService服务 |---Android.mk：源码build文件

1.1 服务端

alps/frameworks/native/cmds/NativeBinderDemo/ServerDemo.cpp

获取ServiceManager，注册service.myservice服务到ServiceManager，启动服务。

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#include "IMyService.h" int main() { sp < IServiceManager > sm = defaultServiceManager(); //获取service manager引用 sm->addService(String16( "service.myservice"), new BnMyService()); //注册名为"service.myservice"的服务到service manager ProcessState::self()->startThreadPool(); //启动线程池 IPCThreadState::self()->joinThreadPool(); //把主线程加入线程池 return 0; }

1.2 客户端

alps/frameworks/native/cmds/NativeBinderDemo/ClientDemo.cpp

获取ServiceManager，拿到service.myservice服务，再进行类型转换成IMyService，最后调用远程方法sayHello()

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#include "IMyService.h" int main() { sp < IServiceManager > sm = defaultServiceManager(); //获取service manager引用 sp < IBinder > binder = sm->getService(String16( "service.myservice")); //获取名为"service.myservice"的binder接口 sp<IMyService> cs = interface_cast < IMyService > (binder); //将biner对象转换为强引用类型的IMyService cs->sayHello(); //利用binder引用调用远程sayHello()方法 return 0; }

1.3 MyService

alps/frameworks/native/cmds/NativeBinderDemo/IMyService.h

申明IMyService，申明BpMyService（Binder客户端），申明BnMyService（Binder的服务端）。

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#ifndef MY_SERVICE_DEMO #define MY_SERVICE_DEMO #include <stdio.h> #include <binder/IInterface.h> #include <binder/Parcel.h> #include <binder/IBinder.h> #include <binder/Binder.h> #include <binder/ProcessState.h> #include <binder/IPCThreadState.h> #include <binder/IServiceManager.h> using namespace android; namespace android { class IMyService : public IInterface { public: DECLARE_META_INTERFACE(MyService); //使用宏，申明MyService virtual void sayHello()= 0; //定义方法 }; //定义命令字段 enum { HELLO = 1, }; //申明客户端BpMyService class BpMyService: public BpInterface<IMyService> { public: BpMyService( const sp<IBinder>& impl); virtual void sayHello(); }; //申明服务端BnMyService class BnMyService: public BnInterface<IMyService> { public: virtual status_t onTransact(uint32_t code, const Parcel& data, Parcel* reply, uint32_t flags = 0); virtual void sayHello(); }; } #endif

alps/frameworks/native/cmds/NativeBinderDemo/IMyService.cpp

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#include "IMyService.h" namespace android { IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(MyService, "android.demo.IMyService"); //使用宏，完成MyService定义 //客户端 BpMyService::BpMyService( const sp<IBinder>& impl) : BpInterface<IMyService>(impl) { } // 实现客户端sayHello方法 void BpMyService::sayHello() { printf( "BpMyService::sayHello\n"); Parcel data, reply; data.writeInterfaceToken(IMyService::getInterfaceDescriptor()); remote()->transact(HELLO, data, &reply); printf( "get num from BnMyService: %d\n", reply.readInt32()); } //服务端，接收远程消息，处理onTransact方法 status_t BnMyService::onTransact( uint_t code, const Parcel& data, Parcel* reply, uint32_t flags) { switch (code) { case HELLO: { //收到HELLO命令的处理流程 printf( "BnMyService:: got the client hello\n"); CHECK_INTERFACE(IMyService, data, reply); sayHello(); reply->writeInt32( 2015); return NO_ERROR; } break; default: break; } return NO_ERROR; } // 实现服务端sayHello方法 void BnMyService::sayHello() { printf( "BnMyService::sayHello\n"); }; }

1.4 Android.mk

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LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir) include $(CLEAR_VARS) LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \ libcutils \ libutils \ libbinder LOCAL_MODULE := ServerDemo LOCAL_SRC_FILES := \ IMyService.cpp \ ServerDemo.cpp LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE) include $(CLEAR_VARS) LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \ libcutils \ libutils \ libbinder LOCAL_MODULE := ClientDemo LOCAL_SRC_FILES := \ IMyService.cpp \ ClientDemo.cpp LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)

1.5 原理图

1.6 运行

编译：
mm alps/frameworks/native/cmds/NativeBinderDemo目录，然后到alps/out/target/product/{Project}/system/bin/会生成ClientDemo和ServerDemo

执行：

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adb remount adb push ServerDemo /system/bin adb push ClientDemo /system/bin

开两个窗口分别执行下面两个命令便可以看到结果了：
adb shell system/bin/ServerDemo ， adb shell system/bin/ClientDemo

二、JavaFramework Binder

源码目录结构:

alps/frameworks/base/cmds/FrameworkBinderDemo/

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|-Server端 |---ServerDemo.java：可执行程序 |---IMyService.java: 定义IMyService接口 |---MyService.java：定义MyService |-Client端 |---ClientDemo.java：可执行程序 |---IMyService.java: 与Server端完全一致 |---MyServiceProxy.java：定义MyServiceProxy

2.1 Server端

(1)ServerDemo.java

可执行程序

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public class ServerDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println( "MyService Start"); //准备Looper循环执行 Looper.prepareMainLooper(); //设置为前台优先级 android.os.Process.setThreadPriority(android.os.Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_FOREGROUND); //注册服务 ServiceManager.addService( "MyService", new MyService()); Looper.loop(); } }

(2)IMyService.java

定义sayHello()方法，DESCRIPTOR属性

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public interface IMyService extends IInterface { static final java.lang.String DESCRIPTOR = "com.yuanhh.frameworkBinder.MyServer"; public void sayHello(String str) throws RemoteException ; static final int TRANSACTION_say = android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION; }

(3)MyService.java

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public class MyService extends Binder implements IMyService{ public MyService() { this.attachInterface( this, DESCRIPTOR); } @Override public IBinder asBinder() { return this; } /** 将MyService转换为IMyService接口 **/ public static com.yuanhh.frameworkBinder. IMyService asInterface( android.os.IBinder obj) { if ((obj == null)) { return null; } android.os.IInterface iInterface = obj.queryLocalInterface(DESCRIPTOR); if (((iInterface != null)&&(iInterface instanceof com.yuanhh.frameworkBinder.IMyService))){ return ((com.yuanhh.frameworkBinder.IMyService) iInterface); } return null; } /** 服务端，接收远程消息，处理onTransact方法 **/ @Override protected boolean onTransact(int code, Parcel data, Parcel reply, int flags) throws RemoteException { switch (code) { case INTERFACE_TRANSACTION: { reply.writeString(DESCRIPTOR); return true; } case TRANSACTION_say: { data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR); String str = data.readString(); sayHello(str); reply.writeNoException(); return true; }} return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags); } /** 自定义sayHello()方法 **/ @Override public void sayHello(String str) { System.out.println( "MyService:: Hello, " + str); } }

(4) Android.mk

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LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir) include $(CLEAR_VARS) LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files) LOCAL_MODULE := ServerDemo LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional include $(BUILD_JAVA_LIBRARY) include $(CLEAR_VARS) LOCAL_MODULE := ServerDemo LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional LOCAL_MODULE_PATH := $(TARGET_OUT)/bin LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS := UTILITY_EXECUTABLES LOCAL_SRC_FILES := ServerDemo include $(BUILD_PREBUILT)

(5) ServerDemo

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base=/system export CLASSPATH=$base/framework/ServerDemo.jar exec app_process $base/bin com.shun.frameworkBinder.ServerDemo "$@"

2.2 Client端

(1)ClientDemo.java

可执行程序

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public class ClientDemo { public static void main(String[] args) throws RemoteException { System.out.println( "Client start"); IBinder binder = ServiceManager.getService( "MyService"); //获取名为"MyService"的服务 IMyService myService = new MyServiceProxy(binder); //创建MyServiceProxy对象 myService.sayHello( "binder"); //通过MyServiceProxy对象调用接口的方法 System.out.println( "Client end"); } }

(2)IMyService.java

与Server端的IMyService是一致，基本都是拷贝一份过来。

(3)MyServiceProxy.java

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public class MyServiceProxy implements IMyService { private android.os.IBinder mRemote; //代表BpBinder public MyServiceProxy(android.os.IBinder remote) { mRemote = remote; } public java.lang. String getInterfaceDescriptor() { return DESCRIPTOR; } /** 自定义的sayHello()方法 **/ @Override public void sayHello(String str) throws RemoteException { android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain(); android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain(); try { _data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR); _data.writeString(str); mRemote.transact(TRANSACTION_say, _data, _reply, 0); _reply.readException(); } finally { _reply.recycle(); _data.recycle(); } } @Override public IBinder asBinder() { return mRemote; } }

(4) Android.mk

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LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir) include $(CLEAR_VARS) LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files) LOCAL_MODULE := ClientDemo LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional include $(BUILD_JAVA_LIBRARY) include $(CLEAR_VARS) LOCAL_MODULE := ClientDemo LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional LOCAL_MODULE_PATH := $(TARGET_OUT)/bin LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS := UTILITY_EXECUTABLES LOCAL_SRC_FILES := ClientDemo include $(BUILD_PREBUILT)

(5) ClientDemo

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base=/system export CLASSPATH=$base/framework/ClientDemo.jar exec app_process $base/bin com.shun.frameworkBinder.ClientDemo "$@"

2.3 原理图

2.4 运行

编译：

mm alps/frameworks/base/cmds/FrameworkBinderDemo/目录，然后：
alps/out/target/product/{Project}/system/bin/ 生成ClientDemo和ServerDemo
alps/out/target/product/{Project}/system/framework/ 生成ClientDemo.jar和ServerDemo.jar。

执行：

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adb remount adb push ServerDemo /system/bin adb push ClientDemo /system/bin adb push ServerDemo.jar /system/framework/ adb push ClientDemo.jar /system/framework/

开两个窗口分别执行下面两个命令便可以看到结果了：
adb shell system/bin/ServerDemo ， adb shell system/bin/ClientDemo

原文地址： https://maoao530.github.io/2016/12/25/android-binder-02/