numpy_learning6（高级索引）

一维高级索引

import numpy as np
rand = np.random.RandomState(42)  # 随机种子
x = rand.randint(100,size=10)
print(x)

print([x[3],x[7],x[2]])  # 用一个数组承接多个索引

print(x[[3,7,2]])  # 直接用一个数组去索引多个值

  索引出来的数组的形状与索引数组一致

ind = np.array([[1,2],
                [3,4]])
print(x[ind])

 多维度高级索引

X = np.arange(12).reshape(3,4)
print(X)
'''
[[ 0  1  2  3]
 [ 4  5  6  7]
 [ 8  9 10 11]]
'''

row = np.array([0,1,2])
col = np.array([1,2,1])
print(X[row,col])
'''
[1 6 9]
'''

X[row[:,np.newaxis],col]  # 索引结合广播
'''
[[ 1,  2,  1],
 [ 5,  6,  5],
 [ 9, 10,  9]]
'''

X[row,col[:,np.newaxis]]
'''
[[ 1,  5,  9],
 [ 2,  6, 10],
 [ 1,  5,  9]]
'''

 组合索引

X[2,[2,0,1]]  # 广播
'''
[10,  8,  9]
'''

X[1:,[2,0,1]]  # 切片加索引&广播
'''
[[ 6,  4,  5],
 [10,  8,  9]]
'''

mask = np.array([1,0,1,0],dtype=bool)
X[row[:,np.newaxis],mask]  #  广播&掩码&索引
'''
[[ 0,  2],
 [ 4,  6],
 [ 8, 10]]
'''

利用组合索引修改值

x = np.arange(10)
i = np.array([2,1,8,4])
x[i] = 99
print(x)
'''
[ 0 99 99  3 99  5  6  7 99  9]
'''

x[i] -= 10
print(x)
'''
[ 0 89 89  3 89  5  6  7 89  9]
'''