VC实现生产者-消费者问题

利用信号量和VC++程序设计环境实现生产者/消费者问题。

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//! 定义信号量

         HANDLE m_S_Producer; // Semaphore
         HANDLE m_S_Consumer; // Semaphore
         HANDLE m_E_Queue;    // Event

//! 假设仓库最多容纳M个物品，开始仓库为空

         m_S_Producer = CreateSemaphore(NULL, M, M, NULL); //初始计数为M
         m_S_Consumer = CreateSemaphore(NULL, 0, M, NULL); //初始计数为0
         m_E_Queue = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL); //自动类型，初始状态为信号态

//!生产者

         if (WaitForSingleObject(m_S_Producer, WaitTime) == WAIT_OBJECT_0)
         {
                   if (WaitForSingleObject(m_E_Queue, WaitTime) == WAIT_OBJECT_0)
                   {// OK now, put product    

                            // relase comsumer’s semaphore
                            ReleaseSemaphore(m_S_Consumer, 1, NULL);
                            // set event to signal
                            SetEvent(m_E_Queue);
                            return TRUE;
                   }

                   else // wait event time out

                   {
                            // not put product so release producer
                            ReleaseSemaphore(m_S_Producer, 1, NULL);
                            SetEvent(m_E_Queue);
                            return FALSE;
                   }
         }

         else // wait semaphore time out
         {
                return FALSE;
         }
}

 

//!消费者

         if (WaitForSingleObject(m_S_Consumer, WaitTime) == WAIT_OBJECT_0)

         {
                   if (WaitForSingleObject(m_E_Queue, WaitTime) == WAIT_OBJECT_0)
                   {// OK now, Get product then
                            // releasee productor’s semaphore
                            ReleaseSemaphore(m_S_Producer, 1, NULL);
                            // set event to signal
                            SetEvent(m_E_Queue);
                            return TRUE;
                   }

                   else // wait event time out
                   {// not get product so release Consumer

                            ReleaseSemaphore(m_S_Consumer, 1, NULL);
                            SetEvent(m_E_Queue);
                            return FALSE;
                   }
         }

         else // wait semaphore time out
         {
                   return FALSE;
         }

}

 

特别需要注意的是，在该模型中，对互斥量（本例为m_E_Queue）的等待必须放在第二个等待位置，否则可能将造成线程死锁。考虑这样的情况：仓库已满，没有任何线程访问。某一时刻，生产者放入物品，首先等待m_E_Queue并通过，且将m_E_Queue置于无信号态，然后等待m_S_Produce时被阻塞。这时某一消费者欲取物品，无论在什么情况下，都将在等待m_E_Queue时被阻塞，从而相互等待造成死锁。在释放同步对象时则位置不受限制。