一. 基于多态的职工管理系统
1. 管理系统需求
职工管理系统可以用来管理公司内所有员工的信息
利用C++来实现一个基于多态的职工管理系统
公司中职工分为三类:普通员工、经理、老板,显示信息时,需要显示职工编号、职工姓名、职工岗位,以及职责。
普通员工职责:完成经理交给的任务
经理职责:完成老板交给的任务,并下发任务给员工
老板职责:管理公司所有事务
管理系统中需要实现的功能如下:
1)退出管理程序:退出当前管理系统
2)增加职工信息:实现批量添加职工功能,将信息录入到文件中,职工信息为:职工编号、姓名、部门编号
3)显示职工信息:显示公司内部所有职工的信息
4)删除离职职工:按照编号删除指定的职工
5)修改职工信息:按照编号修改职工的个人信息
6)查找职工信息:按照编号或者职工姓名进行查找相关人员信息
7)按照编号排序:按照职工编号,进行排序,排序规则由用户指定
8)清空所有文档:清空文件中记录的所有职工信息(清空前需要再次确认,防止误删)
boss.h
//boss.h
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include<string>
#include"worker.h"
using namespace std;
class Boss :public worker
{
public:
Boss(int id, string name, int did);
virtual void showInfo() ;
virtual string getDepname();
};
employee.h
// employee.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include"worker.h"
using namespace std;
class Employee :public worker
{
public:
Employee(int id, string name, int did);
virtual void showInfo();
virtual string getDepname();
};
manager.h
//manager.h
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include<string>
#include"worker.h"
using namespace std;
class Manager :public worker
{
public:
Manager(int id, string name, int did);
virtual void showInfo() ;
virtual string getDepname()
};
worker.h
//worker.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
//职工抽象类
class worker {
public:
//显示个人信息
virtual void showInfo()= 0;
//获取岗位名称
virtual string getDepname() = 0;
int m_Id;//职工编号
string m_Name;//职工姓名
int m_depId;//职工部门编号
**};
workerManager.h**
// workerManager.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include"worker.h"
#include<fstream>
#define FILENAME "empfile.txt"
using namespace std;
/*管理类负责的内容如下:
1.与用户的沟通菜单界面
2.对职工增删改查的操作
3.与文件的读写交互 */
class workerManager
{
public:
workerManager();//构造函数
~workerManager();//析构函数
void show_menu();//显示菜单函数
void exitSystem();//退出系统函数
void AddEmp();//增加职工
void save();//保存文件
int get_EmpNum();//统计人数
void init_Emp();//初始化员工
void show_Emp();//显示职工
void Del_Emp();//删除职工
int IsExit(int id);/*按照职工编号判断职工是否存在,
若存在返回职工在数组中的位置,若不存在返回-1*/
void Mod_Emp();//修改员工
void Fid_Emp();//查找员工
void Sort_Emp();//排序员工
void Clean_File();//清空文件
public:
int m_EmpNum;//记录文件中的人数个数
worker** m_EmpArry;//员工数组的指针
bool m_FileIsEmpty;//标志文件是否为空
};
boss.cpp
//boss.cpp
#include"boss.h"
Boss::Boss(int id, string name, int did)
{
this->m_Id = id;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_depId = did;
};
void Boss::showInfo()
{
cout << "职工编号:" << this->m_Id << "\t职工姓名:"
<< this->m_Name<< "\t职工所在岗位:"<< this->getDepname()
<< "\t 岗位职责:总管公司事物" << endl;
}
string Boss::getDepname()
{
return("老板");
}
employee.cpp
//employee.cpp
#include"employee.h"
Employee::Employee(int id, string name, int did)
{
this->m_Id = id;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_depId = did;
};
void Employee::showInfo()
{
cout << "职工编号:" << this->m_Id << "\t职工姓名:"
<< this->m_Name << "\t职工所在岗位:"<< this->getDepname()
<< "\t 岗位职责:完成经理交给的任务"<<endl;
}
string Employee::getDepname()
{
return("员工");
}
manager.cpp
//manager.cpp
#include"manager.h"
Manager::Manager(int id, string name, int did)
{
this->m_Id = id;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_depId = did;
};
void Manager::showInfo()
{
cout << "职工编号:" << this->m_Id << "\t职工姓名:"
<< this->m_Name << "\t职工所在岗位:"<< this->getDepname()
<< "\t 岗位职责:完成老板交给的任务,并下发任务给员工" << endl;
}
string Manager::getDepname()
{
return("经理");
}
workerManager.cpp
//workerManager.cpp
#include"workerManager.h"
#include"employee.h"
#include"boss.h"
#include"manager.h"
workerManager::workerManager()
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);
//文件不存在的情况
if (!ifs.is_open())
{
this->m_EmpNum = 0;//初始化人数
this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;//初始化文件为空标志
this->m_EmpArry = NULL;//初始化数组
ifs.close();//关闭文件
return;
}
//文件存在,但没有记录
char ch;
ifs >> ch;
if (ifs.eof())
{
this->m_EmpNum = 0;
this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
this->m_EmpArry = NULL;
ifs.close();
return;
}
this->m_EmpNum = 0;//初始化人数
this->m_EmpArry = NULL;//初始化数组指针
int num = this->get_EmpNum();
this->m_EmpNum = num;//更新成员属性
this->m_EmpArry = new worker * [this->m_EmpNum];//根据职工创建数组
init_Emp();//初始化职工
}
workerManager::~workerManager()
{
if (this->m_EmpArry != NULL)//释放堆区数据
{
delete[] this->m_EmpArry;
}
}
//菜单显示函数
void workerManager::show_menu()
{
cout << "********************************************" << endl;
cout << "********* 欢迎使用职工管理系统! **********" << endl;
cout << "************* 0.退出管理程序 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 1.增加职工信息 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 2.显示职工信息 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 3.删除离职职工 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 4.修改职工信息 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 5.查找职工信息 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 6.按照编号排序 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 7.清空所有文档 *************" << endl;
cout << "********************************************" << endl;
cout << endl;
}
//退出系统函数
void workerManager::exitSystem()
{
cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
system("pause");
exit(0);
}
//增加职工函数
void workerManager::AddEmp()
{
cout << "请输入增加职工人数:" << endl;
int addNum = 0;
cin >> addNum;
if (addNum > 0)
{
//计算新空间大小
int newSize = this->m_EmpNum + addNum;
//开辟新空间 (对比 int* arr=new int[10]帮助理解)
worker** newSpace = new worker * [newSize];
//将原空间的内容放到新空间下
if (this->m_EmpArry != NULL)
{
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
newSpace[i] = this->m_EmpArry[i];
}
}
//输入新数据
for (int i = 0; i < addNum; i++)
{
int id;
string name;
int dSelect;
cout << "请输入第" << i + 1 << "个新职工编号" << endl;
cin >> id;
cout << "请输入第" << i + 1 << "个新职工姓名" << endl;
cin >> name;
cout << "请选择该职工的岗位:" << endl;
cout << "1.普通职工" << endl;
cout << "2.经理" << endl;
cout << "3.老板" << endl;
cin >> dSelect;
worker* worker01 = NULL;
switch (dSelect)
{
case 1:
worker01 = new Employee(id, name,1);
break;
case 2:
worker01 = new Manager(id, name, 2);
break;
case 3:
worker01 = new Boss(id, name, 3);
break;
default:
break;
}
newSpace[this->m_EmpNum + i] = worker01;
}
//释放原有空间
delete[]this->m_EmpArry;
//更改新空间的指向
this->m_EmpArry = newSpace;
//更新新的个数
this->m_EmpNum = newSize;
//更新职工不为空标志
this->m_FileIsEmpty = false;
//提示信息
cout << "成功添加" << addNum << "名新职工!" << endl;
this->save();
}
else
{
cout << "输入有误" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//保存文件函数
void workerManager::save()
{
ofstream ofs;
ofs.open(FILENAME, ios::out);
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
ofs << this->m_EmpArry[i]->m_Id << " " << this->m_EmpArry[i]->m_Name
<< " " << this->m_EmpArry[i]->m_depId << endl;
}
ofs.close();
}
//统计人数
int workerManager::get_EmpNum()
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);
int id;
string name;
int did;
int num = 0;
while (ifs >> id && ifs >> name && ifs >> did)
{
//记录人数
num++;
}
ifs.close();
return num;
}
//初始化职工
void workerManager::init_Emp()
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);
int id;
string name;
int did;
int index = 0;
while (ifs >> id && ifs >> name && ifs >> did)
{
worker* worker01 = NULL;
//根据不同的部门ID创建不同的对象
if (did == 1)//1 普通员工
{
worker01 = new Employee(id, name, did);
}
else if (did == 2)//2经理
{
worker01 = new Manager(id, name, did);
}
else//老板
{
worker01 = new Boss(id, name, did);
}
//存放在数组中
this->m_EmpArry[index] = worker01;
index++;
}
}
//显示职工函数
void workerManager::show_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空" << endl;
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
this->m_EmpArry[i]->showInfo();//利用多态调用接口
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//职工是否存在函数
int workerManager::IsExit(int id)
{
int index = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if(this->m_EmpArry[i]->m_Id==id)
{
index = i;
break;
}
}
return index;
}
//删除职工函数
void workerManager::Del_Emp() {
if(this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空" << endl;
}
else
{
//按职工编号删除
cout << "请输入想要删除的职工号:" << endl;
int id = 0;
cin >> id;
int index = this->IsExit(id);
if(index!=-1)//说明index上位置数据需要删除
{
for (int i = index; i < this->m_EmpNum - 1; i++)
{
this->m_EmpArry[i] = this->m_EmpArry[i + 1];
}
this->m_EmpNum--;
this->save();//删除后数据同步到文件中
cout << "删除成功!" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "删除失败,未找到该员工" << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//修改职工函数
void workerManager::Mod_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "请输入修改职工的编号:" << endl;
int id;
cin >> id;
int ret = this->IsExit(id);
if(ret !=-1)
{//查找到编号的职工
delete this->m_EmpArry[ret];
int newId = 0;
string newName = "";
int dSelect = 0;
cout << "查到:" << id << "号职工,请输入新职工号:" << endl;
cin >> newId;
cout << "请输入新姓名:" << endl;
cin >> newName;
cout << "请输入岗位:" << endl;
cout << "1.普通职工" << endl;
cout << "2.经理" << endl;
cout << "3.老板" << endl;
cin >> dSelect;
worker* worker01 = NULL;
switch (dSelect)
{
case 1:
worker01 = new Employee(newId, newName, dSelect);
break;
case 2:
worker01 = new Manager(newId, newName, dSelect);
break;
case 3:
worker01 = new Boss(newId, newName, dSelect);
break;
default:
break;
}
//更改数据到数组中
this->m_EmpArry[ret] = worker01;
cout << "修改成功!" << endl;
this->save();//保存到文件中
}
else
{
cout << "修改失败,查无此人" << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//查找职工函数
void workerManager::Fid_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "请输入查找的方式:" << endl;
cout << "1.按职工编号查找" << endl;
cout << "2.按姓名查找" << endl;
int select=0;
cin >> select;
if(select==1)//按职工编号查找
{
int id;
cout << "请输入查找职工的编号:" << endl;
cin >> id;
int ret = IsExit(id);
if (ret != -1)
{
cout << "查找成功!该职工信息如下:" << endl;
this->m_EmpArry[ret]->showInfo();
}
else
{
cout << "查找失败,查无此人" << endl;
}
}
else if (select == 2)
{
string name;
cout << "请输入查找职工的姓名:" << endl;
cin >> name;
bool flag = false;//查找到的标志
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (m_EmpArry[i]->m_Name == name)
{
cout << "查找成功,职工编号为" << m_EmpArry[i]->m_Id
<< "号的信息如下:" << endl;
flag = true;
this->m_EmpArry[i]->showInfo();
}
}
if (flag == false)
{
//查无此人
cout << "查找失败,查无此人" << endl;
}
}
else
{
cout << "输入选项有误" << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//排序员工
void workerManager::Sort_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
else
{
cout << "请选择排序方式:" << endl;
cout << "1.按职工号进行升序" << endl;
cout << "2.按职工号进行降序" << endl;
int select = 0;
cin >> select;
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
int minOrmax = i;
for (int j = i+1; j < m_EmpNum; j++)
{
if(select==1)//升序
{
if (m_EmpArry[minOrmax]->m_Id > m_EmpArry[j]->m_Id)
{
minOrmax = j;
}
}
else//降序
{
if (m_EmpArry[minOrmax]->m_Id < m_EmpArry[j]->m_Id)
{
minOrmax = j;
}
}
}
if (i != minOrmax)
{
worker* temp = m_EmpArry[i];
m_EmpArry[i] = m_EmpArry[minOrmax];
m_EmpArry[minOrmax] = temp;
}
}
cout << "排序成功,排序后结果为:" << endl;
this->save();
this->show_Emp();
}
}
//清空文件
void workerManager::Clean_File()
{
cout << "确认清空?" << endl;
cout << "1.确认" << endl;
cout << "2.返回" << endl;
int select = 0;
cin >> select;
if (select == 1)
{
//打开模式ios::trunc 如果存在,删除文件并重新创建
ofstream ofs(FILENAME, ios::trunc);
ofs.close();
if (this->m_EmpArry != NULL)
{
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (this->m_EmpArry[i] != NULL)
{
delete this->m_EmpArry[i];
}
}
this->m_EmpNum = 0;
delete[]this->m_EmpArry;
this->m_EmpArry = NULL;
this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
}
cout << "清空成功!" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
职工管理系统.cpp
//职工管理系统.cpp
#include<iostream>
#include <string>
#include "workerManager.h"
#include"boss.h"
#include"employee.h"
#include"worker.h"
#include"manager.h"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
workerManager Man;
int choice = 0;
while (true)
{
Man.show_menu();//展示菜单
cout << "请输入你的选择:" << endl;
cin >> choice;
switch (choice)
{
case 0:Man.exitSystem();//退出管理程序
break;
case 1:Man.AddEmp();//增加职工信息
break;
case 2:Man.show_Emp();//显示职工信息
break;
case 3:Man.Del_Emp();//删除离职职工
break;
case 4:Man.Mod_Emp();//修改职工信息
break;
case 5:Man.Fid_Emp();//查找职工信息
break;
case 6:Man.Sort_Emp();//按照编号排序
break;
case 7:Man.Clean_File();//清空所有文档
break;
default: system("cls");
break;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}