apt install 报无法修正错误

E: 无法修正错误，因为您要求某些软件包保持现状，就是它们破坏了软件包间的依赖关系

很可能是ubuntu更换软件源出了问题。

问题在于软件源设置不对， 装好Linux后，人们都会去修改/etc/apt/sources.list文件，在网站去搜索一个list文件换上，将软件包下载源改为国内源，而没有注意到Codename（版本别名）的影响，Ubuntu不同版本，所使用的软件源是不一样的!

正确的更换apt源的步骤如下:

查看Ubuntu的版本号和代号 lsb_release -a

root@ubuntu/#   lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:    Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS
Release:    20.04
Codename:    focal

可见装的是20.04.4  focal版

修改sources.list

sudo   gedit   /etc/apt/sources.list

发现问题的软件源是trusty 版  ，而本机实际是   focal版

#阿里云
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
 

然后将$Codename替换为你刚才查到的版本代号

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-backports main restricted universe

更新apt缓存

sudo apt update

ubuntu更换软件源方法
 

用 lsb_release -c 命令查看ubuntu版本代号：
ubuntu 12.04 代号为precise
ubuntu 14.04 代号为trusty
ubuntu 15.04 代号为vivid
ubuntu 15.10 代号为wily
ubuntu 16.04 代号为xenial
ubuntu18.04 代号为bionic

如果拷贝别人的sources.list文件，对应的ubuntu版本和你的系统不一样，就出错了

最好的方法就是只改动url部分，sources.list中，
改为阿里云的镜像节点URL就行了：http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/