onSaveInstanceState和onRestoreInstanceState触发的时机

先看图：

Android中的activity通过onSaveInstanceState()方法保存activity的状态，在onCreate或者onRestoreInstanceState方法恢复状态，如果是通过onRestart方法前端运行的话，只会执行onSaveinstanceState方法。直接看代码：

[java]   view plain  copy

1. package com.hebaijun.savestate;  
2.   
3. import android.app.Activity;  
4. import android.os.Bundle;  
5. import android.util.Log;  
6.   
7. public class SaveStateActivity extends Activity {  
8.     public static final String TAG = "SaveStateActivity";  
9.   
10.     @Override  
11.     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
12.         if (savedInstanceState!=null) {  
13.             Log.v(TAG, savedInstanceState.getString("data"));  
14.         }  
15.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
16.         setContentView(R.layout.main);  
17.         Log.v(TAG, "onCreate");  
18.     }  
19.       
20.     @Override  
21.     protected void onRestoreInstanceState(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
22.         Log.v(TAG, savedInstanceState.getString("data"));  
23.         super.onRestoreInstanceState(savedInstanceState);  
24.         Log.v(TAG, "onRestoreInstanceState");  
25.     }  
26.       
27.     @Override  
28.     protected void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {  
29.         outState.putString("data", "example");  
30.         super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);  
31.         Log.v(TAG, "onSaveInstanceState");  
32.     }  
33.       
34.     @Override  
35.     protected void onPause() {  
36.         super.onPause();  
37.         Log.v(TAG, "onPause");  
38.     }  
39.       
40.     @Override  
41.     protected void onResume() {  
42.         super.onResume();  
43.         Log.v(TAG, "onResume");  
44.     }  
45.       
46.     @Override  
47.     protected void onStart() {  
48.         super.onStart();  
49.         Log.v(TAG, "onStart");  
50.     }  
51.       
52.     @Override  
53.     protected void onRestart() {  
54.         super.onRestart();  
55.         Log.v(TAG, "onRestart");  
56.     }  
57. }  

main.xml

[html]   view plain  copy

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
2. <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
3.     android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
4.     android:layout_height="fill_parent"  
5.     android:orientation="vertical" >  
6.   
7.     <EditText  
8.         android:id="@+id/editText1"  
9.         android:layout_width="match_parent"  
10.         android:layout_height="wrap_content" >  
11.     </EditText>  
12.   
13. </LinearLayout>  

1.运行程序后我们按HOME键，然后我们重新进入程序，Log如图：

• 我们可以看出onSaveInstanceState方法在onPause方法前执行。Android 3.0之后，onSaveInstanceState在onPause之后，onStop之前调用。
  
• 程序恢复执行的时候调用了onRestart方法，并没有调用 onRestoreInstanceState方法。

2.运行程序后按BACK键，Log如图：

• 程序并没有调用onSaveInstanceState方法，因为按BACK键表明用户已经明确退出，所以不会执行保存状态的操作。就是说 onSaveInstanceState能不能被执行到是不确定的，要保存永久的数据话还是在onPause方法中用其他方式保存。
• 如果在edittext中输入字符的话，重新执行也不会重新出现。

onRestoreInstanceState的执行时机

    private Activity performLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent) {

                activity.mCalled = false;
                if (r.isPersistable()) {
                    mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity,r.state, r.persistentState);
                } else {
                    mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity,r.state);
                }
                r.activity = activity;
                r.stopped = true;
                if (!r.activity.mFinished) {
                    activity.performStart();
                    r.stopped = false;
                }
                if (!r.activity.mFinished) {
                    if (r.isPersistable()) {
                        if (r.state != null || r.persistentState != null) {
                            mInstrumentation.callActivityOnRestoreInstanceState(activity,r.state, r.persistentState);
                        }
                    } else if (r.state != null) {
                        mInstrumentation.callActivityOnRestoreInstanceState(activity,r.state);
                    }
                }
                if (!r.activity.mFinished) {
                    activity.mCalled = false;
                    if (r.isPersistable()) {
                        mInstrumentation.callActivityOnPostCreate(activity,r.state, r.persistentState);
                    } else {
                        mInstrumentation.callActivityOnPostCreate(activity,r.state);
                    }

   }

从代码的逻辑看出，OnRestoreInstanceState在performStart之后，OnPostCreate之前调用，调用的条件是r.state != null 。r.state是AMS传过来的，也就是说OnRestoreInstanceState的调用取决于AMS是否想恢复activity。

除此之外，r.state也会被传入onCreate函数，所以，对activity状态恢复的工作，可以在onCreate中进行，也可以在OnRestoreInstanceState中进行。

从Activity中onCreate函数和OnRestoreInstanceState函数设计初衷看，onCreate函数用于恢复activity本身的状态信息，也包括其中的fragment信息；OnRestoreInstanceState函数用于恢复Activity中window和DecorView的状态。

    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        if (savedInstanceState != null) {
            Parcelable p = savedInstanceState.getParcelable(FRAGMENTS_TAG);
            mFragments.restoreAllState(p, mLastNonConfigurationInstances != null
                    ? mLastNonConfigurationInstances.fragments : null);
        }
        mFragments.dispatchCreate();
        getApplication().dispatchActivityCreated(this, savedInstanceState);
    }

    protected void onRestoreInstanceState(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        if (mWindow != null) {
            Bundle windowState = savedInstanceState.getBundle(WINDOW_HIERARCHY_TAG);
            if (windowState != null) {
                mWindow.restoreHierarchyState(windowState);
            }
        }
    }