java通过LibreOffice 实现简单的文档转pdf

LibreOffice 是开源免费的office ,下载地址:  https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download-libreoffice/

实现转换的核心命令行是:

soffice   --headless   --convert-to pdf:writer_pdf_Export  --outdir ./out    test.docx

这里简单的用java runtime 包了一下命令,实现的转换: 

代码如下:

package com.trydone.samples;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.UUID;

/**
 * 简单使用LibreOffice 实现文档转PDF
 *
 * @author pinke
 * @since 2024-02-21
 */
public class Office2Pdf {
    //不同系统要下载相应安装程序,并配置好地址
    //下载地址: https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download-libreoffice/
    //以下是MacOS上安装好的地址,其它系统请自行修改
    private static final String OFFICE_BIN = "/Applications/LibreOffice.app/Contents/MacOS/soffice";
    //支持转换的类型
    private static final String[] ALLOW_EXTENDS = {".docx", ".doc", ".xls", ".xlsx", ".ppt", ".pptx", ".txt"};

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        long useTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        try {
            office2pdf("/Users/pinke/Downloads/test.docx",
                    "/Users/pinke/Downloads/out/a.pdf");
            office2pdf("/Users/pinke/Downloads/演示文稿1.pptx",
                    "/Users/pinke/Downloads/out/b.pdf");
            office2pdf("/Users/pinke/Downloads/工作簿1.xlsx",
                    "/Users/pinke/Downloads/out/c.pdf");
        } catch (Throwable e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            System.out.println("处理用时:" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - useTime));
        }
    }

    public static void office2pdf(String docxPathAndName, String pdfPathAndName) throws IOException {
        File srcFile = new File(docxPathAndName);
        if (!srcFile.exists()) {
            throw new IOException("文件不存在!" + srcFile.getAbsolutePath());
        }
        File destFile = new File(pdfPathAndName);
        if (destFile.exists() && !destFile.delete()) {
            throw new IOException("文件已经存在,无法覆盖!" + destFile.getAbsolutePath());
        }
        if (!srcFile.canRead()) {
            throw new IOException("文件不可用!" + srcFile.getAbsolutePath());
        }
        String convertExt = null;
        String lowFileName = srcFile.getName().toLowerCase();
        for (String ext : ALLOW_EXTENDS) {
            if (lowFileName.endsWith(ext)) {
                convertExt = ext;
            }
        }
        if (convertExt == null) {
            throw new IOException("不支持的文件扩展名!");
        }

        //生成个随机文件名
        String name = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        File tmpSrcFile = File.createTempFile("office2pdf-" + name, convertExt);
        File tmpDstFile = null;
        try {
            FileUtils.copyFile(new File(docxPathAndName), tmpSrcFile);
            String srcFileFullPath = tmpSrcFile.getAbsolutePath();
            //核心是这些转换参数
            Process proc = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(new String[]{
                    OFFICE_BIN,
                    "--headless",
                    "--convert-to",
                    "pdf:writer_pdf_Export",
                    "--outdir",
                    tmpSrcFile.getParentFile().getAbsolutePath(),
                    srcFileFullPath
            });
            proc.waitFor();
            if (proc.exitValue() == 0) {
                String distPdfFile = srcFileFullPath.substring(0, srcFileFullPath.length() - convertExt.length()) + ".pdf";
                tmpDstFile = new File(distPdfFile);
                int ct = 0;
                while (!tmpDstFile.exists() && ct++ < 10) {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(300);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        //
                    }
                }
                if (!tmpDstFile.exists()) {
                    throw new IOException("处理异常,没有正常生成,请稍后重试.");
                }
                FileUtils.moveFile(tmpDstFile, destFile);
                tmpDstFile = null;//移走了,就不要清理
            } else {
                throw new IOException("处理异常,请检查office是否安装正常.");
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw e;
        } catch (Throwable e) {
            throw new IOException(e);
        } finally {
            //清理临时文件
            try {
                tmpSrcFile.delete();
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                //
            }
            try {
                if (tmpDstFile != null) tmpDstFile.delete();
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                //
            }
        }
    }
}