ubuntu 默认进入字符或界面 固定ip设置 显示语言修改

由于在虚拟机上安装ubuntu，为了减轻系统负载，只使用进入字符界面，在本地ssh连接操作

修改显示语言

修改默认进入界面

1. ubuntu 18_04

sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target  #默认进入字符界面
sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target   #默认进入图形界面

sudo init 5
startx

2. ubuntu 14_04
   update-grub2

设置固定ip

here

root@ubuntu:~# vim /etc/network/interfaces
  1 # interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
  2 auto lo
  3 iface lo inet loopback
  4 
  5 
  6 iface eth0 inet static
  7 address 192.168.3.129
  8 netmask 255.255.255.0
  9 gateway 192.168.3.1

ubuntu18的固定ip设置https://blog.csdn.net/u010039418/article/details/80934346

yaml配置文件

root@ubuntu:~# netplan apply #应用配置

tom@ubuntu:~$ vim /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml 
# Let NetworkManager manage all devices on this system
network:
  version: 2			#注意缩进问题
  #renderer: NetworkManager
  ethernets:
    ens33:
      addresses: [192.168.3.129/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.3.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [219.141.136.10]

更改dns域名服务器地址

[tom@tom-virtual-machine ~]$sudo vim /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/base 
  1 nameserver 219.141.136.10

[tom@tom-virtual-machine ~]$service resolvconf restart     #重启服务
stop: Rejected send message, 1 matched rules; type="method_call", sender=":1.27" (uid=1000 pid=2350 comm="stop resolvconf ") interface="com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6.Job" member="Stop" error name="(unset)" requested_reply="0" destination="com.ubuntu.Upstart" (uid=0 pid=1 comm="/sbin/init")
start: Rejected send message, 1 matched rules; type="method_call", sender=":1.28" (uid=1000 pid=2344 comm="start resolvconf ") interface="com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6.Job" member="Start" error name="(unset)" requested_reply="0" destination="com.ubuntu.Upstart" (uid=0 pid=1 comm="/sbin/init")
[tom@tom-virtual-machine ~]$ping www.baidu.com      #可以ping通baidu
PING www.a.shifen.com (182.61.200.7) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 182.61.200.7: icmp_seq=1 ttl=51 time=27.9 ms
64 bytes from 182.61.200.7: icmp_seq=2 ttl=51 time=21.6 ms
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1006ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 21.693/24.817/27.942/3.128 ms

/etc/resolv.conf下有这样的提示
“DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND – YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN”，这里直接编辑会当时生效，但是重启后会重置。所能需像依上面来进行设置，或者直接写入固定ip配置中-> here。