Cmake之构建Project

CMake是一个跨平台的安装（编译）工具，可以用简单的语句来描述所有平台的安装(编译过程)。他能够输出各种各样的makefile或者project文件

• 示例文件结构

eric@eric-PC:~/Documents/work/linux-c/cmake_demo$ tree -L 3
.
├── build.sh				# 一键编译脚本
├── CMakeLists.txt			# 顶层一级CMakeLists.txt
└── src						# 源码目录
    ├── CMakeLists.txt		# 二级CMakeLists.txt
    ├── curl				# 模块一 curl
    │   ├── CMakeLists.txt	# 三级 CMakeLists.txt
    │   ├── curl_demo.c		# 模块一 源码
    │   └── curl_demo.h		# 模块一 头文件
    ├── timer				# 模块二 timer
    │   ├── CMakeLists.txt	
    │   ├── event_timer.c	
    │   └── livev_demo.c	
    ├── tools				# 模块三 tools (公共模块)
    │   ├── CMakeLists.txt	
    │   ├── tools.c
    │   └── tools.h
    ├── main.c				# main函数入口
    └── main.h

• 一键编译脚本，build.sh

#!/bin/bash

mkdir -p build build/bin build/lib
cd build

if [ " $1" == " " ]; then
    compiler="gcc"  
elif [ $1 == "--help" -o $1 == "-help" -o  $1 == "--h" -o $1 == "-h" ]; then
    echo "usage: $0 [compiler] [compiler path]"
    echo "  compiler: specify the compiler you are using, default: gcc"
    echo "  compiler path: specify the compiler path you are using"
    echo "  eg:"
    echo "      ./build.sh"
    echo "      ./build.sh arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc"
    echo "      ./build.sh /usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc"
    echo "      ./build.sh arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc /usr/bin"
    exit
else
    if [ " $2" == " " ]; then
        compiler=$1
    else
        compiler=$2/$1
    fi
fi

path=$(which $compiler)

if [ " $path" == " " ]; then
    echo -e "\033[31mNo $compiler compiler found in the system\033[0m"
    exit
fi

cmake .. "-DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=$path"

make

• 一级CMakeLists.txt （仅仅指定源码目录）

# 制定cmake最低版本要求
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)

set(SUBDIRS "src")

foreach(subdir ${SUBDIRS})
    add_subdirectory(${subdir})
endforeach()

• 二级CMakeLists.txt （主要编译参数指定，以及目标生成）

# 建立工程
project(cmake_test)

# 设置目标
set(TARGETS "test")
# 设置子目录
set(SUBDIRS "curl" "timer" "tools" )
set(INCDIRS "curl" "timer" "tools" )
# 生成路径
set(OUTDIRS "../build")
# 所有需要编译的子模块
set(LIBNAMES "curl" "timer" "tools" )

set(PROJECT_ROOT_PATH "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}")
set(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH "${PROJECT_ROOT_PATH}/${OUTDIRS}/lib/")
set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH "${PROJECT_ROOT_PATH}/${OUTDIRS}/bin/")

set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Release")   # Debug Release
set(CMAKE_LIB_TYPE "STATIC")   # SHARED STATIC

set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER "gcc")
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER "g++" )

# 设定变异参数
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "-Wall")
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "-lpthread")
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -O0 -g -ggdb")
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -O3 -DNDEBUG")

if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++11")
    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-lpthread")
    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-Wall")
    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -O0 -g -ggdb")
    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -O3") 
endif(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)

# 添加include路径
foreach(incdir ${INCDIRS})
    include_directories(${incdir})
endforeach()

# 添加子路径
foreach(subdir ${SUBDIRS})
    add_subdirectory(${PROJECT_ROOT_PATH}/${subdir})
endforeach()

link_directories(${LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH})

# 当前目录下查找所有源文件
aux_source_directory(. DIR_SRCS)
# 生成可执行文件
add_executable(${TARGETS} ${DIR_SRCS})

# 添加依赖 （TARGETS 依赖 app1 & app2）
foreach(findlib ${LIBNAMES})
    target_link_libraries(${TARGETS} ${findlib})
endforeach()

# 链接其他动态库
find_package("Threads")
target_link_libraries(${TARGETS} ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})

find_package("CURL")
message(WARNING "find CURL_LIBRARY!:"${CURL_LIBRARY})
target_link_libraries(${TARGETS} ${CURL_LIBRARY})

• 三级 CMakeLists.txt （编译子模块,使之生成对应的lib）

aux_source_directory(. DIR_SRCS)

# 生成lib
string(REGEX REPLACE ".*/(.*)" "\\1" LIB_NAME ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}) 

if (DIR_SRCS)
    foreach(libname ${LIBNAMES})
        if (${LIB_NAME} STREQUAL ${libname})
            add_library(${libname} ${CMAKE_LIB_TYPE} ${DIR_SRCS})
            # 添加本模块所依赖的其他模块
            target_link_libraries(${libname} "tools")
        endif()
    endforeach()

else()
    message(WARNING "not find is src file!")
endif()

• 一键编译

eric@eric-PC:~/Documents/work/linux-c/cmake_demo$ ./build.sh                                                                                                                 
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 8.3.0                                                                                                                                                            
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 8.3.0                                                                                                                                                          
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/gcc                                                                                                                                                            
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/gcc -- works                                                                                                                                                   
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info                                                                                                                                                                         
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done                                                                                                                                                                  
-- Detecting C compile features                                                                                                                                                                          
-- Detecting C compile features - done                                                                                                                                                                   
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++                                                                                                                                                          
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works                                                                                                                                                 
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info                                                                                                                                                                       
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done                                                                                                                                                                
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
CMake Warning (dev) at src/CMakeLists.txt:69:
  Syntax Warning in cmake code at column 38

  Argument not separated from preceding token by whitespace.
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

-- Looking for pthread.h
-- Looking for pthread.h - found
-- Looking for pthread_create
-- Looking for pthread_create - found
-- Found Threads: TRUE  
-- Found CURL: /usr/local/lib/libcurl.so (found version "7.71.1") 
CMake Warning at src/CMakeLists.txt:69 (message):
  find CURL_LIBRARY!:/usr/local/lib/libcurl.so

-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/eric/Documents/work/linux-c/cmake_demo/build

Scanning dependencies of target tools
[ 10%] Building C object src/tools/CMakeFiles/tools.dir/tools.c.o
[ 20%] Linking C static library ../../lib/libtools.a
[ 20%] Built target tools
Scanning dependencies of target curl
[ 30%] Building C object src/curl/CMakeFiles/curl.dir/curl_demo.c.o
[ 40%] Building C object src/curl/CMakeFiles/curl.dir/curl_ota.c.o
[ 50%] Linking C static library ../../lib/libcurl.a
[ 50%] Built target curl
Scanning dependencies of target timer
[ 60%] Building C object src/timer/CMakeFiles/timer.dir/event_timer.c.o
[ 70%] Building C object src/timer/CMakeFiles/timer.dir/livev_demo.c.o
[ 80%] Linking C static library ../../lib/libtimer.a
[ 80%] Built target timer
Scanning dependencies of target test
[ 90%] Building C object src/CMakeFiles/test.dir/main.c.o
[100%] Linking C executable ../bin/test
[100%] Built target test

• 查看build目录

eric@eric-PC:~/Documents/work/linux-c/cmake_demo/build$ tree -L 2
.
├── bin
│   └── test
├── CMakeCache.txt
├── CMakeFiles
│   ├── 3.13.4
│   ├── cmake.check_cache
│   ├── CMakeDirectoryInformation.cmake
│   ├── CMakeOutput.log
│   ├── CMakeTmp
│   ├── feature_tests.bin
│   ├── feature_tests.c
│   ├── feature_tests.cxx
│   ├── Makefile2
│   ├── Makefile.cmake
│   ├── progress.marks
│   └── TargetDirectories.txt
├── cmake_install.cmake
├── lib
│   ├── libcurl.a
│   ├── libtimer.a
│   └── libtools.a
├── Makefile
└── src
    ├── CMakeFiles
    ├── cmake_install.cmake
    ├── curl
    ├── Makefile
    ├── timer
    └── tools

10 directories, 19 files

---