pytorch 常见问题基本操作

 目录

某个维度上做扩张 自身重复

tensor 定义数据类型 避免模型训练出错 

增加一个1维度.unsqueeze(0)  删除一个1维度squeeze(0)

tensor 拼接 cat 其余唯独应该一致

tensor 转换唯独 .transpose(0,1)

tensor 改变形状 reshape

完整的pytorch 开发模板

---

某个维度上做扩张 自身重复

import torch
from torch import nn

x = torch.randn(1,2,64)
print(x.shape)
y = x.expand(50,2,64)#此时做expand，可以发现(3,)和(2, 3)是第二个维度相同，因此按第一个维度扩张
print(y.shape)

tensor 定义数据类型 避免模型训练出错 

x = x.type(torch.FloatTensor)

    def forward(self, x, batch_size):
        x = x.type(torch.FloatTensor)
        x = x.to(device)

增加一个1维度.unsqueeze(0)  删除一个1维度squeeze(0)

tensor 拼接 cat 其余唯独应该一致

print("137",x_input.shape,temp_aspect.shape)
# 137 torch.Size([50, 2, 64]) torch.Size([50, 2, 64])
x_input=torch.cat((x_input,temp_aspect),dim=2)

tensor 转换唯独 .transpose(0,1)

x_input=x_input.transpose(0,1)

tensor 改变形状 reshape

lstm_out=lstm_out.reshape(batch_size,-1)

完整的pytorch 开发模板

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import pandas as pd
import gensim
import jieba
import re
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from tqdm import tqdm
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from gensim.models import KeyedVectors
from gensim.scripts.glove2word2vec import glove2word2vec
import torch
from torch import nn
import torch.utils.data as data
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch import tensor
from sklearn.metrics import f1_score
from datetime import datetime
from torch.utils.data import Dataset, DataLoader
from torch.utils.data import random_split
from tqdm import tqdm
def data_process():
        data=pd.read_excel("pre_process_level_2_table(1).xlsx")
        data_neirong=list(data['内容'].values)
        data_1_aspect=list(data['1_aspect'].values)
        data_label=list(data['label'].values)

        aspect_vec_dict={}
        with open("ceshi_1_aspect_vec.txt","r") as f:
            f=f.readlines()
            for line in f:
                temp_word=line.split("_||_")[0]
                temp_vec=line.split("_||_")[1].split(" ")[:-1]
                temp_vec=[float(i) for i in temp_vec]# 转化为数值型列表
                aspect_vec_dict[temp_word]=temp_vec
        print(aspect_vec_dict)
        data_neirong_word_list=[]
        text_len=[]
        for line in data_neirong:
            line=line.strip()
            line=line.split(" ")
            print(line)
            while 1 :
                print(1)
                if '' in line:line.remove('')
                if '' not in line:break
            data_neirong_word_list.append(line)
            text_len.append(len(line))
        print("48-----------------------")
        # print(max(text_len),np.mean(text_len))# 393 14.989528010696924
        # 对句子进行截断重复 设置句子长度是 50
        # pading_data_neirong_word_list=[]
        data_x = []
        temp_data_y=[]
        for idx,line in tqdm(enumerate(data_neirong_word_list)):
            # print("54",idx, len(line),line)
            temp_line = line.copy()
            # 会有数据只有空格这样子 这个while 循环会出问题
            temp_idx = 0  # 设置while循环标志位 来解决这个问题
            if len(line) <60:
                while 1:
                    line=line+temp_line
                    # print(len(line))
                    temp_idx+=1
                    if len(line)>=50:break
                    if temp_idx==50:break
            if temp_idx != 50:
                line = line[:50]
                data_x.append(line + [data_1_aspect[idx]])
                temp_data_y.append(data_label[idx])
        print("62----数据数目：---------",len(data_x))
        # 矩阵生成
        wd2 = gensim.models.Word2Vec.load("wd2.bin")#print(wd2.wv['hotel'])
        data_x_vec=[]
        # data_x_aspect=[]
        data_y=[]
        for idx,line in tqdm(enumerate(data_x)):
                try:
                    # print(line)
                    temp_vec=[]
                    line_neirong=line[:-1]
                    line_1_aspect=line[-1]
                    for word in line_neirong:
                        temp_vec.append(wd2.wv[word])

                    temp_vec.append(np.array(aspect_vec_dict[line_1_aspect]))
                    data_x_vec.append(temp_vec)
                    data_y.append(temp_data_y[idx])
                except KeyError:
                    pass
        return np.array(data_y),np.array(data_x_vec)#,np.array(data_x_aspect)


class mydataset(Dataset):
    def __init__(self):  # 读取加载数据
        data_y,data_x=data_process()
        self._x = torch.tensor(np.array(data_x).astype(float))
        self._y = torch.tensor(np.array(data_y).astype(float))
        print(len(data_x),data_y.shape,data_y)
        # self._aspect= torch.tensor(np.array(data_x_aspect).astype(float))
        self._len = len(data_y)
    def __getitem__(self, item):
        return self._x[item], self._y[item]#,self._aspect[item]
    def __len__(self):  # 返回整个数据的长度
        return self._len
mydata = mydataset()
# 划分 训练集 测试集
train_data, test_data = random_split(mydata, [round(0.8 * mydata._len), round(0.2 * mydata._len)])  # 这个参数有的版本没有 generator=torch.Generator().manual_seed(0)
#                     随机混乱顺序划分的     四舍五入
#
# train_loader =DataLoader(train_data, batch_size =2, shuffle = True, num_workers = 0 , drop_last=False)
#
# # for step,(train_x,train_y) in enumerate(train_loader):
# #     print(step,':',(train_x.shape,train_y.shape),(train_x,train_y))
# #     break
#
# # 测试 loader
# test_loader =DataLoader(test_data, batch_size = 2, shuffle = True, num_workers = 0 , drop_last=False)
# # dorp_last 是说最后一组数据不足一个batch的时候 能继续用还是舍弃。 # num_workers 多少个进程载入数据
#
# # 测试
# # for step,(test_x,test_y) in enumerate(test_loader):
# #     print(step,':',(test_x.shape,test_y.shape),(test_x,test_y))
device = torch.device('cuda' if torch.cuda.is_available() else 'cpu')


class LSTM_attention(nn.Module):  # 注意Module首字母需要大写
    def __init__(self, ):
        super().__init__()
        input_size = 64
        hidden_size = 64
        output_size = 64
        # input_size：输入lstm单元向量的长度 ，hidden_size输出lstm单元向量的长度。也是输入、输出隐藏层向量的长度
        self.lstm = nn.LSTM(input_size, output_size, num_layers=1)  # ,batch_first=True
        self.ReLU = nn.ReLU()
        self.attention = nn.Linear(6400,64)
        self.liner=nn.Linear(128,5)
    def forward(self, x, batch_size):
        x = x.type(torch.FloatTensor)
        x = x.to(device)

        x_input=x[:,:50]
        x_input=x_input.transpose(0,1)

        temp_aspect=x[:,-1]
        temp_aspect=temp_aspect.unsqueeze(0)
        temp_aspect =temp_aspect.expand(50,batch_size, 64)

        #print("137",x_input.shape,temp_aspect.shape)# 137 torch.Size([50, 2, 64]) torch.Size([50, 2, 64])
        x_input=torch.cat((x_input,temp_aspect),dim=2)
        #print("137",x_input.shape,temp_aspect.shape)# 137 torch.Size([50, 2, 128]) torch.Size([50, 2, 64])
        # 输入 lstm的矩阵形状是：[序列长度，batch_size,每个向量的维度] [序列长度,batch, 64]
        lstm_out, (h_n, c_n) = self.lstm(x, None)
        lstm_out=self.ReLU(lstm_out)
        last_lstm=lstm_out[:,-1]# 取最后一个
        lstm_out=lstm_out[:,:-1]
        lstm_out=lstm_out.transpose(0, 1)
        #print("154",lstm_out.shape,temp_aspect.shape)
        lstm_out=torch.cat((lstm_out,temp_aspect),dim=2)
        lstm_out=lstm_out.transpose(0, 1)
        lstm_out=lstm_out.reshape(batch_size,-1)

        lstm_out = self.ReLU(lstm_out)
        lstm_out  = self.attention(lstm_out)
        lstm_out = self.ReLU(lstm_out)

        # print("157",lstm_out.shape,last_lstm.shape)
        out_sum= torch.cat((lstm_out,last_lstm), dim=1)
        # print(out_sum.shape)
        prediction=self.liner(out_sum)
        return prediction


# 这个函数是测试用来测试x_test y_test 数据 函数
def eval_test(model):  # 返回的是这10个 测试数据的平均loss
    test_epoch_loss = []
    with torch.no_grad():
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        for step, (test_x, test_y) in enumerate(test_loader):
            y_pre = model(test_x, batch_size)
            test_y = test_y.to(device)
            test_loss = loss_function(y_pre, test_y.long())
            test_epoch_loss.append(test_loss.item())
    return np.mean(test_epoch_loss)


epochs = 50
batch_size = 128
# 在模型测试中 这两个值：batch_size = 19 固定得 epochs = 随便设置
test_loader = DataLoader(test_data, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True, num_workers=0, drop_last=True)
train_loader = DataLoader(train_data, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True, num_workers=0, drop_last=True)

# 创建LSTM()类的对象，定义损失函数和优化器

model = LSTM_attention().to(device)
loss_function = torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss().to(device)  # 损失函数的计算 交叉熵损失函数计算
optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=0.01)  # 建立优化器实例
print(model)

sum_train_epoch_loss = []  # 存储每个epoch 下 训练train数据的loss
sum_test_epoch_loss = []  # 存储每个epoch 下 测试 test数据的loss
best_test_loss = 10000
for epoch in tqdm(range(epochs)):
    epoch_loss = []
    for step, (train_x, train_y) in enumerate(train_loader):
        y_pred = model(train_x, batch_size)
        # 训练过程中，正向传播生成网络的输出，计算输出和实际值之间的损失值
        # print(y_pred,train_y)
        single_loss = loss_function(y_pred.cpu(), train_y.long())
        # print("single_loss",single_loss)
        single_loss.backward()  # 调用backward()自动生成梯度
        optimizer.step()  # 使用optimizer.step()执行优化器，把梯度传播回每个网络
        epoch_loss.append(single_loss.item())
    train_epoch_loss = np.mean(epoch_loss)
    test_epoch_loss = eval_test(model)  # 测试数据的平均loss

    if test_epoch_loss < best_test_loss:
        best_test_loss = test_epoch_loss
        print("best_test_loss", best_test_loss)
        best_model = model
    sum_train_epoch_loss.append(train_epoch_loss)
    sum_test_epoch_loss.append(test_epoch_loss)
    print("epoch:" + str(epoch) + "  train_epoch_loss： " + str(train_epoch_loss) + "  test_epoch_loss: " + str(
        test_epoch_loss))

torch.save(best_model, 'best_model.pth')

# 画图
# sum_train_epoch_loss=[]
# sum_test_epoch_loss=[]
fig = plt.figure(facecolor='white', figsize=(10, 7))
plt.xlabel('第几个epoch')
plt.ylabel('loss值')
plt.xlim(xmax=len(sum_train_epoch_loss), xmin=0)
plt.ylim(ymax=max(sum_train_epoch_loss), ymin=0)
# 画两条（0-9）的坐标轴并设置轴标签x，y

x1 = [i for i in range(0, len(sum_train_epoch_loss), 1)]  # 随机产生300个平均值为2，方差为1.2的浮点数，即第一簇点的x轴坐标
y1 = sum_train_epoch_loss  # 随机产生300个平均值为2，方差为1.2的浮点数，即第一簇点的y轴坐标

x2 = [i for i in range(0, len(sum_test_epoch_loss), 1)]
y2 = sum_test_epoch_loss

colors1 = '#00CED4'  # 点的颜色
colors2 = '#DC143C'
area = np.pi * 4 ** 1  # 点面积
# 画散点图
plt.scatter(x1, y1, s=area, c=colors1, alpha=0.4, label='train_loss')
plt.scatter(x2, y2, s=area, c=colors2, alpha=0.4, label='val_loss')
# plt.plot([0,9.5],[9.5,0],linewidth = '0.5',color='#000000')
plt.legend()
# plt.savefig(r'C:\Users\jichao\Desktop\大论文\12345svm.png', dpi=300)
plt.show()

import sklearn
from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score
# 模型加载：
model.load_state_dict(torch.load('best_model.pth').cpu().state_dict())
model.eval()
test_pred = []
test_true = []

with torch.no_grad():
    optimizer.zero_grad()
    for step, (test_x, test_y) in enumerate(test_loader):
        y_pre = model(test_x, batch_size).cpu()
        y_pre = torch.argmax(y_pre, dim=1)
        for i in y_pre:
            test_pred.append(i)
        for i in test_y:
            test_true.append(i)

Acc = accuracy_score(test_pred, test_true)
print(Acc)