[Android] Android平台的蓝牙编程

前言

公司有个项目，是使用Android设备和嵌入式设备之间进行通讯，且通讯方式采用的是蓝牙连接的方式，蓝牙通讯相当于串口通讯，传输的都是字节流，所以需要自己设定通信协议，规定字节编解码的方法。本文主要说的是Android平台的蓝牙API使用方法。参考了百度上的文章，并且指出自己在使用Android蓝牙接口过程中遇到的困难。

使用

蓝牙编程和socket编程步骤很像。需要注意的是：
* 服务端的Accept和客户端的connect操作都是阻塞的，所以需要在单开一个线程去操作，且两端的读写操作也都是阻塞的，也需要在独立的线程去操作。
* 必须使用Android的SSP（协议栈默认）的UUID：
**00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB
**
才能正常和外部的，也是SSP串口的蓝牙设备去连接。

客户端主要函数（我是手动配对，然后连接的）

public class BluetoothClient extends Thread
{
    public BluetoothClient(ICallback callback) {
        super(callback);
    }

    private BluetoothSocket mSocket;
    private BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
    private BluetoothDevice mTargetServerDevice;
    protected InputStream   mInStream;
    protected OutputStream  mOutStream;

    public void init() {
        try{
            mAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
            if (mAdapter == null){
                mSocket = null;
                return;// Device does not support Bluetooth
            }
            if (!mAdapter.isEnabled()) {
                mAdapter.enable();
                while(!mAdapter.isEnabled()){}
            }
            Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mAdapter.getBondedDevices();
            if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
                for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) { 
                    // Use a temporary object that is later assigned to mmSocket, because mmSocket is final  
                    if (device.getAddress().equals("00:04:3E:94:2C:FF"))
                    {
                        mTargetServerDevice = device;
                    }
                }
            }
            mSocket = mTargetServerDevice.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord
                    (UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"));

        }catch(Exception e){
            throw new InitExecption(e);
        }
    }


    public void run() {
        if (mSocket == null){
            return;
        }
        mAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
        try 
        {
            // Connect the device through the socket. This will block until it succeeds or throws an exception
            mSocket.connect();
            mInStream = mSocket.getInputStream();
            mOutStream = mSocket.getOutputStream();
        }
        catch (IOException connectException) 
        {
            if(mInStream != null){
                try 
                {
                    mInStream.close();
                } 
                catch (IOException closeException) {}
            }
            if(mOutStream != null){
                try 
                {
                    mOutStream.close();
                } 
                catch (IOException closeException) {}
            }
            if(mSocket != null){
                try 
                {
                    mSocket.close();
                } 
                catch (IOException closeException) {}
            }
            throw new ConnectException(connectException);
        }

        // Do work to manage the connection (in a separate thread)

    }


}

服务端主要代码

public class BluetoothServer extends Thread
{
    private final BluetoothServerSocket mServerSocket;
    private ManageThread mDataManager;
    public BluetoothServer()
    {
        // Use a temporary object that is later assigned to mmServerSocket,because mmServerSocket is final
        BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null;
        BluetoothAdapter mAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
        try {
            tmp = mAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord
                    ("server", UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"));
        } catch (IOException e) { }
        mServerSocket = tmp;
    }

    public void run() {

        if (mServerSocket == null){
            return;
        }
        BluetoothSocket socket = null;
        // Keep listening until exception occurs or a socket is returned
        while (true) 
        {
            try {
                socket = mServerSocket.accept();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                break;
            }
            // If a connection was accepted
            if (socket != null) 
            {
                //todo 对socket进行操作（读和写都应该在各自独立的线程）
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}

参考链接