C++学习之结构体

参考文献

C语言中的结构体常用来做函数的封装，那么对于C的struct在一次进行回顾。
(1) 结构体的定义和使用

// 定义一个结构体
struct Person
{
   int age;
   int height;
};

int main(){
	struct Person person_1;
	// 对其中的变量赋值
	person_1.age = 1;
	person_1.height = 134;
	
	struct Person *ptr = NULL;
	ptr = &person_1;
	cout << ptr->age << endl;
	cout << ptr->height <<endl;
	return 0;
}

(2) 结构体的嵌套

typedef struct tagStudent_T
{
    int i_StuID;
    int i_StuClass;
}Student_T;
 
typedef struct tagSchool_T
{
    Student_T *student;
    int i_SchoolRank;
}School_T;

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

typedef struct tagStudent_T
{
    int i_StuID;
    int i_StuClass;
}Student_T;

typedef struct tagSchool_T
{
    Student_T *student; // 此处有默认的初始值
    int i_SchoolRank;
}School_T;

int main(int argc,char const *argv[])
{
    School_T *school = (School_T *)malloc(sizeof(School_T));
    if(NULL != school)
    {
         school->i_SchoolRank = 1;  //rank first 
         
        /*由于School_T中定义的student是一个结构体指针，必须要对其进行分配内存*/
        school->student = (Student_T *)malloc(sizeof(Student_T));
        if(NULL != school->student)
        {
                school->student->i_StuID = 12345;
                school->student->i_StuClass = 5;
        }      
        else
        {
            free(school);
        }
    }        
    
    /*这两个的free顺序最好不要调转，因为如果先free掉school的话，相当于将student得本体free了，相当于一个野指针 */    
    free(school->student);
    free(school);
}