Lua 对于String字符串的扩展

截取中英混合的UTF8字符串

--截取中英混合的UTF8字符串，endIndex可缺省
function SubStringUTF8(str, startIndex, endIndex)
    if startIndex < 0 then
        startIndex = SubStringGetTotalIndex(str) + startIndex + 1;
    end

    if endIndex ~= nil and endIndex < 0 then
        endIndex = SubStringGetTotalIndex(str) + endIndex + 1;
    end

    if endIndex == nil then
        return string.sub(str, SubStringGetTrueIndex(str, startIndex));
    else
        return string.sub(str, SubStringGetTrueIndex(str, startIndex), SubStringGetEndIndex(str, endIndex));
    end
end

--获取中英混合UTF8字符串的真实字符数量
function SubStringGetTotalIndex(str)
    local curIndex = 0;
    local i = 1;
    local lastCount = 1;
    repeat
        lastCount = SubStringGetByteCount(str, i)
        i = i + lastCount;
        curIndex = curIndex + 1;
    until (lastCount == 0)
    return curIndex - 1;
end

function SubStringGetTrueIndex(str, index)
    local curIndex = 0;
    local i = 1;
    local lastCount = 1;
    repeat
        lastCount = SubStringGetByteCount(str, i)
        i = i + lastCount;
        curIndex = curIndex + 1;
    until (curIndex >= index)
    return i - lastCount;
end

function SubStringGetEndIndex(str, index)
    local curIndex = 0;
    local i = 1;
    local lastCount = 1;
    repeat
        lastCount = SubStringGetByteCount(str, i)
        i = i + lastCount;
        curIndex = curIndex + lastCount;
    until (curIndex >= index or lastCount == 0)
    if curIndex > index then
        curIndex = curIndex - lastCount
    end
    return curIndex;
end

--返回当前字符实际占用的字符数
function SubStringGetByteCount(str, index)
    local curByte = string.byte(str, index)
    local byteCount = 1;

    if curByte == nil then
        byteCount = 0
    elseif curByte > 239 then
        byteCount = 4 -- 4字节字符
    elseif curByte > 223 then
        byteCount = 3 -- 汉字
    elseif curByte > 128 then
        byteCount = 2 -- 双字节字符
    else
        byteCount = 1 -- 单字节字符
    end
    return byteCount;
end