Python多进程与多线程

Python多进程与多线程

一、多进程

进程（Process）是资源分配的最小单位，它是操作系统进行资源分配和调度运行的基本单位，通俗理解，一个正在运行的程序就是一个进程，例如正在运行的QQ……

多进程就是相对于同时运行多个程序，每个程序间相互独立

1.进程创建

import multiprocessing
import time

def dance():
    for i in range(3):
        print('i am dancing')
        time.sleep(1)
def sing():
    for i in range(3):
        print(' i am singing')
        time.sleep(1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    start = time.time()
    #创建进程类
    dancing = multiprocessing.Process(target=dance)
    signing = multiprocessing.Process(target=sing)

    dancing.start()
    signing.start()
	#主进程需要等待子进程运行完毕
    dancing.join()
    signing.join()
    #打印总共花费时间
    print(time.time() - start)

2.给进程添加参数

import multiprocessing
import time

def dance(name, num):
    for i in range(num):
        print(f'{name}: i am dancing')
        time.sleep(1)
def sing(name, num):
    for i in range(num):
        print(f'{name}: i am singing')
        time.sleep(1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    start = time.time()
    #通过元祖传参
    dancing = multiprocessing.Process(target=dance, args=('xiaoming',3))
    #通过字典传参
    signing = multiprocessing.Process(target=sing, kwargs={"name":'xiaohong', "num":3})

    dancing.start()
    signing.start()

    dancing.join()
    signing.join()
    print(time.time() - start)

3.进程顺序

import multiprocessing
import time

def dance(name, num):
    for i in range(num):
        print(f'{name}: i am dancing')
        time.sleep(1)
def sing(name, num):
    for i in range(num):
        print(f'{name}: i am singing')
        time.sleep(1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    start = time.time()
    dancing = multiprocessing.Process(target=dance, args=('xiaoming',3))
    signing = multiprocessing.Process(target=sing, kwargs={"name":'xiaohong', "num":3})

    dancing.start()
    signing.start()

    print(time.time() - start)

默认情况主进程会等待所有的子进程执行结束后再结束

3.1设置守护进程，主进程不会等待守护进程

import multiprocessing
import time

def dance(name, num):
    for i in range(num):
        print(f'{name}: i am dancing')
        time.sleep(1)
def sing(name, num):
    for i in range(num):
        print(f'{name}: i am singing')
        time.sleep(1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    start = time.time()
    dancing = multiprocessing.Process(target=dance, args=('xiaoming',3))
    signing = multiprocessing.Process(target=sing, kwargs={"name":'xiaohong', "num":3})
    dancing.daemon = True
    signing.daemon = True
    dancing.start()
    signing.start()
    time.sleep(1)
    print(time.time() - start)

二、多线程

和进程代码差不多

from threading import Thread
import time

def dance(name, num):
    for i in range(num):
        print(f'{name}: i am dancing')
        time.sleep(1)
def sing(name, num):
    for i in range(num):
        print(f'{name}: i am singing')
        time.sleep(1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    start = time.time()
    # 元祖传参
    dancing = Thread(target=dance, args=('xiaoming', 3))
    # 字典传参
    signing = Thread(target=sing, kwargs={"name":'xiaohong', "num":3})
    # 设置守护线程
    dancing.daemon = True
    signing.daemon = True
    # 线程启动
    dancing.start()
    signing.start()
    # 主线程需要等待子线程完成
    dancing.join()
    signing.join()
    time.sleep(1)
    print(time.time() - start)

t()
# 主线程需要等待子线程完成
dancing.join()
signing.join()
time.sleep(1)
print(time.time() - start)

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