设计模式 1.Iterator模式

图解设计模式的笔记，Iterator模式用于在数据集合中按照循序遍历集合，这种循序可以由开发定义、设计、封装。

类说明

• Aggregate 表示集合的接口

创建Iterator,该接口由需要被遍历的类实现

• Iterator 遍历集合的接口

提供

• next()函数
  返回下一个集合中的元素
• hasNext()函数
  判断集合中是否还有元素

• Book 表示书的类

具体的元素

• BookShelf 表示书架的类

实现 Aggregate

• BookShelfIterator 表示遍历书架的类

实现 Iterator

代码

Aggregate.java

package iterator;

public interface Aggregate {
    public abstract Iterator iterator();//创建Iterator
}

Iterator.java

package iterator;

public interface Iterator {
    public abstract boolean hasNext();//判断集合中是否还有元素
    public abstract Object next();//返回下一个集合中的元素
}

Book.java

package iterator;
//具体的元素类
public class Book {
    private String name;
    public Book(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
}

BookShelf.java

package iterator;

public class BookShelf implements Aggregate{
    private Book[] books;
    private int last = 0;
    public BookShelf(int maxsize) {
        this.books = new Book[maxsize];
    }
    public Book getBookAt(int index) {
        return books[index];
    }
    public void appendBook(Book book) {
        this.books[last] = book;
        last++;
    }
    @Override
    public Iterator iterator() {//重写该方法，返回具体的迭代类
        return new BookShelfIterator(this);
    }

    public int getLength() {
        return last;
    }
}

BookShelfIterator.java

package iterator;

public class BookShelfIterator implements Iterator {
    private BookShelf bookShelf;
    private int index;
    public BookShelfIterator(BookShelf bookShelf){//获取具体的bookshelf
        this.bookShelf =bookShelf;
        this.index = 0;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean hasNext() {
        if (index < bookShelf.getLength())//判断集合长度
            return true;
        else
            return false;
    }

    @Override
    public Object next() {
        Book book = bookShelf.getBookAt(index);
        index++;
        return book;
    }
}

测试类 Main.java

package iterator;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BookShelf bookShelf = new BookShelf(2);
        bookShelf.appendBook(new Book("Around the world in 80 days"));
        bookShelf.appendBook(new Book("Bible"));
        Iterator it = bookShelf.iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            Book book = (Book) it.next();
            System.out.println(book.getName());
        }
    }
}