iOS 函数调用的流程

OC是一门动态语言，一个函数是由一个selector（SEL），和一个implement（IML）组成的。selector相当于地址，而implement才是真正的房间。和我们网购一样，地址可以随意写。但不一定都能找到收件人。如果找不到系统会给程序几次机会来使程序正常运行，之后依然不行才会抛出异常。

下面用代码来实际演示一下。建议每个方法都打上断点，这样能够理解函数的执行顺序。

#import "RunTimeTest.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>

@interface RunTimeChild : NSObject


@end

@implementation RunTimeChild

- (void)resolveThisMethodDynamically2
{
    NSLog(@"resolveThisMethodDynamically");
}

@end

@interface RunTimeTest()


@end

@implementation RunTimeTest
@dynamic name ,age;
- (id)init
{
    if (self = [super init]) {
        _mutableDic = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
        [_mutableDic setObject:@"bnm" forKey:@"uio"];
        [_mutableDic setObject:@"xiaoming" forKey:@"name"];
    }
    return self;
}
void dynamicMethodIMP(id self,SEL _cmd)
{
    NSLog(@"dynamicMethodIMP");
}

/*
 * 这个函数在当前类执行时没有找到对应的SEL的IML时就会执行，这个函数是给类利用class_addMethod动态添加函数的机会
 * 如果实现了添加函数代码则返回YES，否则返回NO。
 * 提醒下这里是否继续执行之后的流程不是以resolveInstanceMethod返回值为准的，而是以是否找到对应SEL为标准
 */

+ (BOOL)resolveInstanceMethod:(SEL)sel
{
    if (sel == @selector(resolveThisMethodDynamically)) {
        class_addMethod([self class], sel, (IMP)dynamicMethodIMP, "v@:");
    }
    return YES;
}

/*
 执行到这个函数，系统将给了个将这个SEL转给其他对象的机会
 返回参数一个对象，如果这个对象非空，非self，系统会将运行的消息转发给这个对象执行。
 */
- (id)forwardingTargetForSelector:(SEL)aSelector
{
    RunTimeChild *child = [[RunTimeChild alloc] init];
    //return child;   //取消注释会将SEL转移至这个对象中
    return nil;
}

/*
 这个函数与forwardInvocation是最后寻找SEL的机会。这个函数让重载方有机会抛出一个函数的签名，再由后面的forwardInvocation去执行
 */
- (NSMethodSignature *)methodSignatureForSelector:(SEL)aSelector
{
    NSString *sel = NSStringFromSelector(aSelector);
    if ([sel rangeOfString:@"set"].location == 0) {
        return [NSMethodSignature signatureWithObjCTypes:"v@:@"];
    }else{
        return [NSMethodSignature signatureWithObjCTypes:"@@:"];
    }
    
}

- (void)forwardInvocation:(NSInvocation *)anInvocation
{
    NSString *key = NSStringFromSelector([anInvocation selector]);
    if ([key rangeOfString:@"set"].location == 0) {
        key = [[key substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(3, [key length] - 4)] lowercaseString];
        NSString *obj;
        [anInvocation getArgument:&obj atIndex:2];
        NSLog(@"%@",obj);
        [_mutableDic setObject:obj forKey:key];
    }else{
        NSString *obj = [_mutableDic objectForKey:key];
        NSLog(@"%@",key);
        [anInvocation setReturnValue:&obj];
    }
    
    
}


@end

调用方法：

#import "ViewController.h"
#import "RunTimeTest.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>

@interface ViewController ()

@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
    RunTimeTest *runTime = [[RunTimeTest alloc] init];
//    SEL S = NSSelectorFromString(@"uio");
    runTime.age = @"18";
    NSString *f = [runTime age];
    NSLog(@"%@",f);
    
//    objc_msgSend((id)runTime,S);
    
}

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

@end

代码下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/qqmcy/9450669