Windows进程间通讯和进程同步

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最新推荐文章于 2023-12-26 19:03:04 发布

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文章标签： windows c++

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_16658271/article/details/125018580

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windows下进程间通讯主要有，管道，匿名管道，共享内存，套接字，其中共享内存的通讯效率最高。

本篇文章主要是用来学习使用“共享内存”和信号量来进行进程间通讯和进程间同步。

例子：

主进程负责写数据

#include<iostream>
#include<Windows.h>
#include<string>

#define SHAREMEMORYNAME L"QCSHAREMEMORY"
#define SHARESEMAPHORENAME  L"QCSEMAPHORE"
typedef struct _ShareObject
{
    char szReMark[128];
    bool exitLoop;
}ShareObject, *pShareObject;

using namespace std;
int main()
{
    cout << "主进程负责写数据" << endl;

    //创建内存映射文件，通讯字节为sizeof(ShareObject)
    HANDLE hMapping = CreateFileMapping((HANDLE)-1, NULL, PAGE_READWRITE, 0, sizeof(ShareObject), SHAREMEMORYNAME);
    if (!hMapping)
    {
        cout << "cannot create mapping" << endl;
        cout << GetLastError() << endl;
        return 0;
    }
    //创建信号量做进程用
    HANDLE hSemaphor = ::CreateSemaphore(NULL, 0, 1, SHARESEMAPHORENAME);
    //将内存映射文件加载到当前进程中
    ShareObject* pShare = (pShareObject)MapViewOfFile(hMapping, FILE_MAP_WRITE, 0, 0, 0);

    if (!hSemaphor) return -1;
    if (pShare)
    {
        string szContent = "";

        while (cin >> szContent)
        {
            char szText[128];
            strcpy_s(szText, sizeof(szText), szContent.c_str());
            memcpy_s(pShare->szReMark, sizeof(pShare->szReMark), szText, sizeof(szText));
            pShare->exitLoop = false;

            if (szContent == "exit") 
            { 
                pShare->exitLoop = true;
                ::ReleaseSemaphore(hSemaphor, 1, NULL);
                break;
            }

            ::ReleaseSemaphore(hSemaphor, 1, NULL);
        }

        //从当前进程卸载内存映射文件
        ::UnmapViewOfFile(pShare);
    }
    
    ::CloseHandle(hMapping);
    ::CloseHandle(hSemaphor);
}

子进程负责读数据


#include <iostream>
#include<Windows.h>
#include<string>

#define SHAREMEMORYNAME L"QCSHAREMEMORY"
#define SHARESEMAPHORENAME  L"QCSEMAPHORE"

typedef struct _ShareObject
{
    char szReMark[128];
    bool exitLoop;
}ShareObject, * pShareObject;

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    cout << "子进程负责读数据" << endl;
    HANDLE hMapping = ::OpenFileMapping(FILE_MAP_READ, FALSE, SHAREMEMORYNAME); //打开内存映射文件
    HANDLE hSemaphore = ::OpenSemaphore(SEMAPHORE_ALL_ACCESS, FALSE, SHARESEMAPHORENAME);
//打开信号量 
    if (!hSemaphore) return -1;
    if (hMapping)
    {
        //将内存映射文件加载到当前进程当中，并指定只读属性，大小为约定的sizeof(ShareObject)字节
//返回的是指向内存映射的指针
        ShareObject* pData = (pShareObject)MapViewOfFile(hMapping, FILE_MAP_READ, 0, 0, sizeof(ShareObject));
        if (pData)
        {
            while (!pData->exitLoop)
            {
                //等待主进程将数据接入内存文件
                WaitForSingleObject(hSemaphore, INFINITE);
                cout << pData->szReMark << endl;
            }
        }
        ::CloseHandle(hMapping);
        ::CloseHandle(hSemaphore);
    }
}