官网
1069. The Black Hole of Numbers (20)
时间限制
100 ms
内存限制
65536 kB
代码长度限制
16000 B
判题程序
Standard
作者
CHEN, Yue
For any 4-digit integer except the ones with all the digits being the same, if we sort the digits in non-increasing order first, and then in non-decreasing order, a new number can be obtained by taking the second number from the first one. Repeat in this manner we will soon end up at the number 6174 – the “black hole” of 4-digit numbers. This number is named Kaprekar Constant.
For example, start from 6767, we’ll get:
7766 - 6677 = 1089
9810 - 0189 = 9621
9621 - 1269 = 8352
8532 - 2358 = 6174
7641 - 1467 = 6174
… …
Given any 4-digit number, you are supposed to illustrate the way it gets into the black hole.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case which gives a positive integer N in the range (0, 10000).
Output Specification:
If all the 4 digits of N are the same, print in one line the equation “N - N = 0000”. Else print each step of calculation in a line until 6174 comes out as the difference. All the numbers must be printed as 4-digit numbers.
Sample Input 1:
6767
Sample Output 1:
7766 - 6677 = 1089
9810 - 0189 = 9621
9621 - 1269 = 8352
8532 - 2358 = 6174
Sample Input 2:
2222
Sample Output 2:
2222 - 2222 = 0000
解题思路
- 1.把输入数字的每个位上的数字都提取出来,然后排序再相减,看结果是否为0或者为6174,如果都不是则继续循环。
- 2.注意输入为1,11,111这种情况。
AC代码
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<math.h>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int a,b = 0,c = 0;
cin >> a;
if (a == 0) {
printf("0000 - 0000 = 0000\n");
return 0;
}
do {
b = 0,c = 0;
vector<int> keep;
while (a>0) {
keep.push_back(a%10);
a = a / 10;
}
//排序求最大值
sort(keep.begin(),keep.end(),greater<int>());
int len = keep.size();
while (len<4) {
keep.push_back(0);
len++;
}
for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
b += keep[i] * pow(10,len - i - 1);
}
//排序求最小值
sort(keep.begin(),keep.end(),less<int>());
len = keep.size();
while (len<4) {
keep.push_back(0);
len++;
}
for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
c += keep[i] * pow(10,len - i - 1);
}
a = b - c;
printf("%04d - %04d = %04d\n",b,c,a);
} while (a!=6174 && a != 0);
return 0;
}