Java-五种线程池，四种拒绝策略，三种阻塞队列

三种阻塞队列

BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue = null;

workQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(5);//基于数组的先进先出队列，有界

workQueue = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();//基于链表的先进先出队列，无界

workQueue = new SynchronousQueue<>();//无缓冲的等待队列，无界

四种拒绝策略

RejectedExecutionHandler rejected = null;

rejected = new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy();//默认，队列满了丢任务抛出异常

rejected = new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy();//队列满了丢任务不异常

rejected = new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy();//将最早进入队列的任务删，之后再尝试加入队列

rejected = new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy();//如果添加到线程池失败，那么主线程会自己去执行该任务

如何创建线程池？

直接使用ThreadPoolExecutor类的构造方法就可以创建线程池。我们来看下构造参数：

/**

*  corePoolSize    核心线程数

*  maximumPoolSize 最大线程数

*  keepAliveTime   idle线程存活时间

*  unit            上个参数的单位

*  workQueue       线程对象的缓冲队列

*  threadFactory   生成线程的工厂(可选

*  handler         达到容量后的回调(可选)

*/

public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,

                              int maximumPoolSize,

                              long keepAliveTime,

                              TimeUnit unit,

                              BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue,

                              ThreadFactory threadFactory,

                              RejectedExecutionHandler handler)

五种线程池

ExecutorService threadPool = null;

threadPool = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();//单线程的线程池，只有一个线程在工作，阻塞队列使用的是LinkedBlockingQueue

threadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);//固定大小的线程池，阻塞队列使用的是LinkedBlockingQueue

threadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();//有缓冲的线程池，线程数 JVM 控制，阻塞队列使用的是SynchronousQueue

threadPool = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(2);//定时任务功能的线程池

threadPool = new ThreadPoolExecutor();//默认线程池，可控制参数比较多

public static void main (String[] args) throws Exception {

    testThreadPoolExecutor();

}

public static void testThreadPoolExecutor() throws Exception {

    //基础参数

    int corePoolSize=2;//最小活跃线程数

    int maximumPoolSize=5;//最大活跃线程数

    int keepAliveTime=5;//指定线程池中线程空闲超过 5s 后将被回收

    TimeUnit unit = TimeUnit.SECONDS;//keepAliveTime 单位

    //阻塞队列

    BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue = null;

    workQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(5);//基于数组的先进先出队列，有界

    workQueue = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();//基于链表的先进先出队列，无界

    workQueue = new SynchronousQueue<>();//无缓冲的等待队列，无界

    //拒绝策略

    RejectedExecutionHandler rejected = null;

    rejected = new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy();//默认，队列满了丢任务抛出异常

    rejected = new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy();//队列满了丢任务不异常

    rejected = new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy();//将最早进入队列的任务删，之后再尝试加入队列

    rejected = new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy();//如果添加到线程池失败，那么主线程会自己去执行该任务

    //使用的线程池

    ExecutorService threadPool = null;

    threadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();//有缓冲的线程池，线程数 JVM 控制

    threadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);//固定大小的线程池

    threadPool = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(2);

    threadPool = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();//单线程的线程池，只有一个线程在工作

    threadPool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(

            corePoolSize,

            maximumPoolSize,

            keepAliveTime,

            unit,

            workQueue,

            rejected);//默认线程池，可控制参数比较多

    //执行无返回值线程

    TaskRunnable taskRunnable = new TaskRunnable();

    threadPool.execute(taskRunnable);

    List<Future<String>> futres = new ArrayList<>();

    for(int i=0;i<10;i++) {

        //执行有返回值线程

        TaskCallable taskCallable = new TaskCallable(i);

        Future<String> future = threadPool.submit(taskCallable);

        futres.add(future);

    }

    for(int i=0;i<futres.size();i++){

        String result = futres.get(i).get();

        System.out.println(i+" result = "+result);

    }

}

/**

    * 返回值的线程，使用 threadpool.execut() 执行

    */

public static class TaskRunnable implements Runnable{

    @Override

    public void run() {

        try {

            Thread.sleep(1000);

        } catch (InterruptedException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " runnable result!");

    }

}

/**

    * 有返回值的线程，使用 threadpool.submit() 执行

    */

public static class TaskCallable implements Callable<String>{

    public TaskCallable(int index){

        this.i=index;

    }

    private int i;

    @Override

    public String call() throws Exception {

        int r = new Random().nextInt(5);

        try {

            Thread.sleep(r);

        } catch (InterruptedException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        //System.out.println("callable result!");

        return Thread.currentThread().getName()+" callable index="+i +",sleep="+r;

    }

}