python-numpy.random.randint()

numpy.random.randint

numpy.random.randint(low, high=None, size=None, dtype='l')

Return random integers from low (inclusive) to high (exclusive).

Return random integers from the “discrete uniform” distribution of the specified dtype in the “half-open” interval [low, high). If high is None (the default), then results are from [0, low).

Parameters:

low : int Lowest (signed) integer to be drawn from the distribution (unless high=None, in which case this parameter is one above the highest such integer). high : int, optional If provided, one above the largest (signed) integer to be drawn from the distribution (see above for behavior if high=None). size : int or tuple of ints, optional Output shape. If the given shape is, e.g., (m, n, k), then m * n * k samples are drawn. Default is None, in which case a single value is returned. dtype : dtype, optional Desired dtype of the result. All dtypes are determined by their name, i.e., ‘int64’, ‘int’, etc, so byteorder is not available and a specific precision may have different C types depending on the platform. The default value is ‘np.int’. New in version 1.11.0.

Returns:

out : int or ndarray of ints size-shaped array of random integers from the appropriate distribution, or a single such random int if size not provided.

 

Examples

>>> np.random.randint(2, size=10)
array([1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0])
>>> np.random.randint(1, size=10)
array([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0])

>>> np.random.randint(5, size=(2, 4))
array([[4, 0, 2, 1],
       [3, 2, 2, 0]])

参数说明：

low：指定了随机数的可能最小值（包含）；

high：指定了随机数的可能最大值（不包含）；

size：如不指定，默认值为为1，此时返回一个随机值；

dtype：返回值的类型。

当high不指定时，即high=None，此时low值当做随机数上界，随机数的取值范围为：[0,low)