Fractional step and sor multigrid conjugate gradient method

It should be kept in mind that ∇ · uF in Eq. (3.13) contains ∇ · un because the first term on the right-hand side of Eq. (3.11) contains un. In general, Eq. (3.13) is solved with an iterative scheme (e.g., SOR method, multi-grid method, and conjugate gradient method [7, 28]) with the convergence tolerance being a few orders of magnitude larger than machine epsilon (or a desired tolerance). Since most of the computational time is spent on iteratively solving the pressure Poisson equation for incompressible flow, one would like to perform as few iterations as possible to proceed to the next time step. Poisson equation for incompressible flow, one would like to perform as few iterations as possible to proceed to the next time stepUnless the error in ∇ · u does not grow over time, MAC methods allow for a relatively quick time advancement by removing the continuity error at each time
step.