矢量数据文件解析（shapefile、geojson、kml）

一、shapefile

@Test
    public void readShapefile() throws IOException {
        String filePath = "F:/data/location.shp";
        File file = new File(filePath);
        DataStore dataStore = new ShapefileDataStore(file.toURI().toURL());//创建ShapefileDataStore实例
        String[] typeNames = dataStore.getTypeNames();//获取数据源中所有可获取的图层名称
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(typeNames));
        //逐个解析图层数据
        for (int i = 0; i < typeNames.length; i++) {
            //图层名称
            String typeName = typeNames[i];
            //featureSource用于读取对应图层中的Feature要素数据
            SimpleFeatureSource featureSource = dataStore.getFeatureSource(typeName);
            //获取FeatureSource中的Feature集合
            SimpleFeatureCollection features = featureSource.getFeatures();
            //获取集合迭代器
            SimpleFeatureIterator iterator = features.features();
            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                SimpleFeature next = iterator.next();
                //要素类
                SimpleFeatureType featureType = next.getFeatureType();
                //获取对应的类属性
                List<AttributeDescriptor> attributeDescriptors = featureType.getAttributeDescriptors();
                for (int j = 0; j < attributeDescriptors.size(); j++) {
                    Name name = attributeDescriptors.get(j).getName();
                    System.out.println(name + ":" + next.getAttribute(name));
                }
            }
        }
    }

二、geojson

        GeoJSON 是一种用于编码各种地理数据结构的格式。
        GeoJSON 支持以下几何类型：Point、LineString、Polygon、MultiPoint、MultiLineString 和 MultiPolygon。 具有附加属性的几何对象是特征对象。 要素集包含在FeatureCollection 对象中。

geojson有2种读取方式：

        1、org.geotools.data.geojson.GeoJSONReader解析给geojson,但是它不会读取坐标系，所以不管什么坐标系的geojson文件读出来都是默认的坐标系WGS84.

         2、org.geotools.geojson.feature.FeatureJSON解析geojson可以读到文件对应的坐标系。

1、GeoJSONReader读取

public static void geoJSONReader(String fileUrl) {
        GeoJSONReader reader = null;
        try {
            reader = new GeoJSONReader(new FileInputStream(fileUrl));
            SimpleFeatureCollection featureCollection = reader.getFeatures();
            //创建图层数据迭代器
            FeatureIterator<SimpleFeature> simpleFeatureFeatureIterator = featureCollection.features();
            while (simpleFeatureFeatureIterator.hasNext()) {
                AnalysisUtil.readProperty(simpleFeatureFeatureIterator.next());
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (reader != null) {
                try {
                    reader.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

2、FeatureJSON读取

  public static void featureJson(String fileUrl) {
        // 指定GeometryJSON构造器，15位小数
        FeatureJSON featureJson = new FeatureJSON(new GeometryJSON(15));
        try {
            FeatureCollection featureCollection = featureJson.readFeatureCollection(new FileInputStream(fileUrl));
            //获取坐标系
            CoordinateReferenceSystem coordinateReferenceSystem =
                    featureCollection.getSchema().getCoordinateReferenceSystem();
            log.info("解析geojson获取坐标系：{}", coordinateReferenceSystem);
            FeatureIterator featureIterator = featureCollection.features();
            while (featureIterator.hasNext()) {
                SimpleFeature simpleFeature = (SimpleFeature) featureIterator.next();
                AnalysisUtil.readProperty(simpleFeature);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

三、KML

        KML(Keyhole Markup Language,Keyhole 标记语言)是一种基于XML 的标记语言，利用XML 语法格式描述地理空间数据(如点、线、面、多边形和模型等)。

package org.geotools.tutorial.feature;

import com.sun.xml.internal.ws.util.UtilException;
import org.geotools.kml.KMLConfiguration;
import org.geotools.xsd.PullParser;
import org.opengis.feature.simple.SimpleFeature;
import org.opengis.referencing.crs.CoordinateReferenceSystem;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class AnalysisKml {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
        String fileUrl = "D:\\test.kml";
        try (FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(fileUrl)) {
            PullParser parser = new PullParser(new KMLConfiguration(), fileInputStream, SimpleFeature.class);
            SimpleFeature simpleFeature = (SimpleFeature) parser.parse();
            //kml文件声明了坐标系才能获取到，没声明获取就是null
            CoordinateReferenceSystem coordinateReferenceSystem = simpleFeature.getFeatureType().getCoordinateReferenceSystem();
            //log.info("解析kml获取坐标系：{}", coordinateReferenceSystem);
            readKml(simpleFeature, parser);
        } catch (XMLStreamException | IOException | SAXException e) {
            throw new UtilException(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

	//递归方式获取每个地块信息
    public static void readKml(SimpleFeature simpleFeature, PullParser parser) throws XMLStreamException, IOException,
            SAXException {
        //读取属性
        AnalysisUtil.readProperty(simpleFeature);
        //获取下一个simpleFeature
        while (simpleFeature != null && simpleFeature.getDefaultGeometry() != null) {
            simpleFeature = (SimpleFeature) parser.parse();
            readKml(simpleFeature, parser);
        }
    }

}

注：上面解析用到一个读取属性的工具类

package org.geotools.tutorial.feature;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.opengis.feature.Property;
import org.opengis.feature.simple.SimpleFeature;
import org.opengis.geometry.Geometry;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;

@Slf4j
public class AnalysisUtil {
	public static void readProperty(SimpleFeature simpleFeature) {
        Collection<Property> properties = simpleFeature.getProperties();
        Iterator<Property> iterator = properties.iterator();
        int index = 0;
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            Property property = iterator.next();
            //kml拿到属性值会有自带的9个属性
            if (index++ > 8) {
                log.info("GeoJSONReader解析geojson -->> 属性名：【{}】，属性值：【{}】，属性类型：【{}】", property.getName().toString(),
                        property.getValue(), property.getType().getBinding());
            }
        }
        Object defaultGeometry = simpleFeature.getDefaultGeometry();
        //wkt格式geometry
        Geometry geometry = (Geometry) defaultGeometry;
        log.info("wkt格式geometry：{}", geometry);
    }
}