微服务技术系列教程（34） - SpringCloud-使用RabbitMQ实现消息驱动

1. 引言

代码已提交至Github，有兴趣的同学可以下载来看看：https://github.com/ylw-github/SpringCloud-Stream-Demo

在上一篇博客《微服务技术系列教程（33） - SpringCloud-消息驱动简介&原理》，我们了解到了SpringCloud消息驱动概念以及绑定器原理。

本文使用默认的RabbitMQ来实现，加深理解。

2.消息驱动实现

2.1 生产者

1.新建Maven项目stream-producer

2.添加maven依赖

<parent>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
	<version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
	<!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId>
		<version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
	</dependency>
</dependencies>

3.application.yml信息

server:
  port: 9001
spring:
  application:
    name: spingcloud-stream-producer
  rabbitmq:
    host: 127.0.0.1
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest

4.创建管道

import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.Output;
import org.springframework.messaging.SubscribableChannel;

public interface SendMessageInterface {
    
    // 创建一个输出管道，用于发送消息
    @Output("my_msg")
    SubscribableChannel sendMsg();
}

5.Controller发送消息

@RestController
public class SendMsgController {
    @Autowired
    private SendMessageInterface sendMessageInterface;

    @RequestMapping("/sendMsg")
    public String sendMsg() {
        String msg = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        System.out.println("生产者发送内容msg:" + msg);
        Message build = MessageBuilder.withPayload(msg.getBytes()).build();
        sendMessageInterface.sendMsg().send(build);
        return "success";
    }

}

6.启动类绑定

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableBinding(SendMessageInterface.class) // 开启绑定
public class AppProducer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(AppProducer.class, args);
    }

}

2.2 消费者

1.新建Maven项目stream-consumer

2.添加maven依赖

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
    <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

3.application.yml

server:
  port: 9002
spring:
  application:
    name: spingcloud-stream-consumer
  rabbitmq:
    host: 127.0.0.1
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest

4.管道中绑定消息

public interface RedMsgInterface {

    // 从管道中获取消息
    @Input("my_msg")
    SubscribableChannel redMsg();
}

5.消费者获取消息

@Component
public class Consumer {

    @StreamListener("my_msg")
    public void listener(String msg) {
        System.out.println("消费者获取生产消息:" + msg);
    }
}

6.启动类绑定消费监听接口

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableBinding(RedMsgInterface.class)
public class AppConsumer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(AppConsumer.class, args);
    }

}

2.3 启动测试

1.启动application.yml配置的RabbitMQ服务器

2.启动生产者和消费者，可以看到SpringCloud默认帮我们创建了队列以及交换机。


3.生产者生产消息,浏览器输入：http://localhost:9001/sendMsg，可以看到消费者控制台能接收到消息：