Rasa 基于规则的对话管理: 天气预报机器人

learn from https://github.com/Chinese-NLP-book/rasa_chinese_book_code

1. fallback

机器人不明白用户意思的时候，兜底的操作，答出 “对不起，xxx” 的友好提示

NLU fallback

pipeline:
  - name: FallbackClassifier
    threshold: 0.6  
    ambiguity_threshold: 0.1

配置的意思：意图分类组件预测的结果中，最高的置信度 <= 0.6 or 最高的前2个意图得分之差 <= 0.1 ，那么 NLU 的意图 就会被替换为 nlu_fallback

比如，

rules:
  - rule: 要求用户重说
    steps:
      - intent: nlu_fallback
      - action: utter_please_rephrase

如果预测的下一个动作 置信度不高，或者有两个很相近的，也可以配置策略

policies:
  - name: RulePolicy
    core_fallback_threshold: 0.3
    core_fallback_action_name: "action_dafault_fallback"  # 很模糊时，配置执行该动作
    enable_fallback_prediction: True

2. 意图触发动作

• 自定义意图触发动作

rules:
- rule: 意图 -> 动作映射
  steps:
  - intent: some_intent
  - action: some_action

在 policy 字段值为 RulePolicy 时，用户表达 意图后，100% 触发 配置的动作

3. 表单

理解用户意图后，引导用户填表，完毕后执行动作

需要规则策略

policies:
  - name: RulePolicy

定义表单

forms:
  weather_form:
    required_slots: # 表单必须指定该字段
    - address
    - date-time

激活表单

设定什么时候进入该表单， rule 指定

rules:
  - rule: 激活 rule
    steps:
    - intent: weather  # 出现该意图
    - action: weather_form # 执行该动作
    - active_loop: weather_form # 进入表单填词槽-询问过程

执行表单任务

满足表单条件后，词槽全部填好，执行任务

- rule: 提交 form
  condition:
    - active_loop: weather_form
  steps:
    - action: weather_form
    - active_loop: null
    - slot_was_set:
      - requested_slot: null  # 所有词槽填完
    - action: action_weather_form_submit  # 执行动作

4. 天气预报机器人

tree

.
├── actions.py
├── config.yml
├── credentials.yml
├── data
│   ├── cities.yml
│   ├── nlu.yml
│   ├── responses.yml
│   ├── rules.yml
│   └── stories.yml
├── domain.yml
├── endpoints.yml
├── index.html
├── index.js
├── __init__.py
├── media
│   └── demo.png
├── README.md
└── service
    ├── __init__.py
    ├── normalization.py
    └── weather.py

nlu.yml

version: "3.0"
nlu:
  - intent: goodbye
    examples: |
      - 拜拜
      - 再见
      - 拜
      - 退出
      - 结束
  - intent: greet
    examples: |
      - 你好
      - 您好
      - hello
      - hi
      - 喂
      - 在么
  - intent: weather
    examples: |
      - 显示天气
      - 天气
      - 我需要不需要雨靴
      - 我该穿外套吗
      - 去外边要穿外衣吗
      - 去外边要带夹克吗
      - 外边需要雨伞吗
      - 天气是不是很凉快
      - 最近的天气是不是很冷
      - 天气预报
      - 天气很冷吗
      - 天气会不会很热
      - 天气温和吗
      - [北京](address)会不会阴雨
      - [上海](address)什么天气
      - 不好意思可以帮我查[香港](address)的天气
      - [厦门](address)啥天气
      - [上海](address)多热
      - [台北市](address)温度
      - [台南市](address)几度
      - [上海](address)啥温度
      - [台南市南区](address)现在几度
      - [上海](address)的天气
      - [上海](address)的天气怎么样
      - [首都](address)的天气
      - [首都](address)的天气怎么样
      - [魔都](address)的天气
      - [魔都](address)的天气怎么样
      - 我要[上海](address)[明天](date-time)的天气
      - 我要[上海](address)[后天](date-time)的天气
      - [上海](address)[明天](date-time)的天气
      - [上海](address)[昨天](date-time)的天气
      - [上海](address)[前天](date-time)的天气
      - [上海](address)[后天](date-time)的天气
      - [下个星期五](date-time)[南京](address)的天气
      - [明天](date-time)[北京](address)什么天气
      - [沈阳](address)[五天后](date-time)的天气怎么样
      - [下星期一](date-time)[北京](address)的天气呢
      - [今天](date-time)[天津](address)的预报
      - [青岛](address)[明天](date-time)的
      - [下星期日](date-time)的[苏州](address)
      - [两天后](date-time)的[上海](address)
      - [三天后](date-time)的[武汉](address)呢
      - [三天后](date-time)[杭州](address)多云吗
      - [十月三号](date-time)[沈阳](address)会下雨吗
      - [明天](date-time)[台北](address)天气
      - [今天](date-time)[台北](address)的天气如何
      - [三天后](date-time)[台北](address)的天气
      - [北京](address)[今天](date-time)的天气如何
      - [杭州](address)[今天](date-time)的天气怎么样
      - [下个星期五](date-time)[台北](address)天气好吗
      - [今天](date-time)[台北](address)天气如何
      - [今天](date-time)[上海](address)的天气
      - [两天前](date-time)[上海](address)的天气如何
      - [今天](date-time)[台北市](address)的天气如何
      - [明天](date-time)[北京](address)我需要不需要雨衣
      - [下星期日](date-time)[北京](address)外边需要毛线帽吗
      - [今天](date-time)[北京](address)去外边要穿羊毛袜吗
      - [三月五号](date-time)[北京](address)去外边要穿外衣吗
      - [下个星期五](date-time)我在[厦门](address)需要带伞吗
      - [上海](address)[三天后](date-time)多少度
      - [明天](date-time)[上海](address)的温度如何
      - [今天](date-time)[上海](address)的气温如何
      - [明天](date-time)[马来西亚](address)最近的天气是不是很冷
      - [下星期一](date-time)[马来西亚](address)天气凉快吗
      - [下星期日](date-time)[马来西亚](address)的天气会很热吗
      - [首都](address)[明天](date-time)的天气
      - [魔都](address)[下午](date-time)的天气
      - [首都](address)[明天](date-time)的天气怎么样
      - [魔都](address)[下午](date-time)的天气怎么样
      - [今天](date-time)天气如何
      - 你知道[现在](date-time)外面冷不冷么
      - 我还想知道[一月一号](date-time)的天气
      - 稍后[晚上](date-time)会下雨吗
      - [今天](date-time)会不会晴朗
      - [昨天](date-time)几度
      - [9月初四](date-time)的天气如何
      - [明天](date-time)天气多少摄氏度
      - [今天](date-time)天气
      - [昨天](date-time)什么天气
      - [明天](date-time)要不要戴手套
      - [今天](date-time)去外边要穿毛衣吗
      - [明天](date-time)去外边要带雨伞吗
      - [两天后](date-time)我需要不需要雨靴
      - [下星期一](date-time)在外边需要墨镜吗
      - [明天](date-time)的天气会温和吗
      - [今天](date-time)天气很热不
      - [今天](date-time)天气几度
      - [两天后](date-time)的天气会不会很冷
      - [明天](date-time)的天气是不是很暖
  - intent: info_date
    examples: |
      - [明天](date-time)
      - [后天](date-time)
      - [下个星期日](date-time)怎么样
      - 还需要[昨天](date-time)的
      - 我还要[昨天](date-time)的
      - [明天](date-time)如何
      - [后天](date-time)如何
      - [星期六](date-time)呢
      - [后天](date-time)的呢
      - [明天](date-time)的怎么说
      - [两天后](date-time)的大概什么样
      - [前天](date-time)的
      - 帮我查查[三天前](date-time)
      - 帮我查查[下星期五](date-time)的
      - 还要[明天](date-time)的
  - intent: info_address
    examples: |
      - 告诉我[广州](address)怎么样
      - [广州](address)
      - 那么[辽宁](address)呢
      - [北京](address)啥情况
      - [厦门](address)怎么样
      - [武汉](address)呢
      - [香港](address)呢
      - 我在[杭州](address)
      - [上海](address)
      - 在[宁波](address)呢
      - [宁波](address)
      - [首都](address)
  - intent: affirm
    examples: |
      - 是
      - 是的
      - 没问题
      - 好
      - 好的
      - 可以
      - 挺好
      - 没错
      - 继续
      - 没毛病
  - intent: deny
    examples: |
      - 不
      - 不行
      - 没
      - no
      - 不可以
      - 算了
      - 不要
      - 不要了
      - 没有
  - intent: stop
    examples: |
      - 停
      - 停止
  - intent: chitchat/whoyouare
    examples: |
      - 你是谁啊
      - 你是谁啊?
      - 你是谁啊？
      - 你叫什么名字
      - 你叫什么名字呢
      - 你叫什么呀
      - 你叫什么呀?
      - 你叫什么呀？
      - 介绍一下自己
      - 介绍自己
  - intent: chitchat/whatyoucando
    examples: |
      - 你能干啥
      - 你能干什么
      - 你能干什么呢
      - 你能干啥呀
      - 你能干啥呀?
      - 你能干啥呀？
      - 你能做什么
      - 你能做什么?
      - 你能做什么？
      - 你能做什么呢
      - 你能做什么呢?
      - 你能做什么呢？
      - 你有哪些技能
      - 你有哪些技能?
      - 你有哪些技能？
      - 你的本领是什么
      - 你的本领是什么呢
  - synonym: 下个星期一
    examples: |
      - 下星期一
  - synonym: 今天
    examples: |
      - 早上
      - 中午
      - 晚上
      - 下午
      - 傍晚
      - 今日
  - synonym: 明天
    examples: |
      - 明日
  - synonym: 北京
    examples: |
      - 首都
  - synonym: 上海
    examples: |
      - 魔都

stories.yml

version: "3.0"
stories:
  - story: greet
    steps:
      - intent: greet
      - action: utter_greet
  - story: say goodbye
    steps:
      - intent: goodbye
      - action: utter_goodbye
  - story: chitchat
    steps:
      - intent: chitchat
      - action: respond_chitchat
  - story: form with stop then deny
    steps:
      - or:
          - intent: weather
          - intent: weather
            entities:
              - address: 上海
          - intent: weather
            entities:
              - date-time: 明天
          - intent: weather
            entities:
              - date-time: 明天
              - address: 上海
      - action: weather_form
      - active_loop: weather_form
      - intent: stop
      - action: utter_ask_continue
      - intent: deny
      - action: action_deactivate_loop
      - active_loop: null

rules.yml

version: "3.0"
rules:
  - rule: activate weather form
    steps:
      - intent: weather
      - action: weather_form
      - active_loop: weather_form
  - rule: Submit form
    condition:
      # Condition that form is active.
      - active_loop: weather_form
    steps:
      - action: weather_form
      - active_loop: null
      - slot_was_set:
          - requested_slot: null
      # The action we want to run when the form is submitted.
      - action: action_weather_form_submit

cities.yml

version: "3.0"
nlu:
  - lookup: cities
    examples: |
      - 江宁区
      - 常德市西洞庭管理区
      - 常德市津市市
      - 桂阳县

domain.yml

version: "3.0"
session_config:
  session_expiration_time: 60
  carry_over_slots_to_new_session: true
intents:
  - goodbye
  - greet
  - weather
  - chitchat
  - deny
  - stop
  - affirm
  - info_date
  - info_address
entities:
  - address
  - date-time
slots:
  address:
    type: text
    influence_conversation: false
    mappings:
      - entity: address
        type: from_entity
  date-time:
    type: text
    influence_conversation: false
    mappings:
      - entity: date-time
        type: from_entity
responses:
  utter_greet:
    - text: 你好，请说出需要提供天气预测服务的地点和时间
  utter_goodbye:
    - text: 再见！
  utter_ask_address:
    - text: 想查询哪里的天气呢？
  utter_ask_date-time:
    - text: 想查询什么时候的天气呢？
  utter_ask_continue:
    - text: 是否要继续？
  utter_default:
    - text: 系统不明白您说的话，请换个说法。
actions:
  - utter_ask_address
  - utter_ask_date-time
  - utter_goodbye
  - utter_greet
  - utter_ask_continue
  - utter_default
  - respond_chitchat
  - action_weather_form_submit
forms:
  weather_form:
    ignored_intents: []
    required_slots:
      - address
      - date-time

config.yml

recipe: default.v1
language: zh
pipeline:
  - name: JiebaTokenizer
  - name: LanguageModelFeaturizer
    model_name: bert
    model_weights: bert-base-chinese
  - name: RegexFeaturizer
  - name: DIETClassifier
    epochs: 100
    learning_rate: 0.001
    tensorboard_log_directory: ./log
  - name: ResponseSelector
    epochs: 100
    learning_rate: 0.001
  - name: EntitySynonymMapper
policies:
  - name: MemoizationPolicy
  - name: TEDPolicy
  - name: RulePolicy

endpoints.yml

action_endpoint:
  url: "http://localhost:5055/webhook"

credentials.yml

socketio:
  user_message_evt: user_uttered
  bot_message_evt: bot_uttered
  session_persistence: false

rasa:
  url: "http://localhost:5002/api"

actions.py

from typing import Any, Dict, List, Text

from rasa_sdk import Action, Tracker
from rasa_sdk.executor import CollectingDispatcher

from service.normalization import text_to_date
from service.weather import get_text_weather_date


class WeatherFormAction(Action):
    def name(self) -> Text:
        return "action_weather_form_submit"

    def run(
        self, dispatch: CollectingDispatcher, tracker: Tracker, domain: Dict[Text, Any]
    ) -> List[Dict]:
        city = tracker.get_slot("address")
        date_text = tracker.get_slot("date-time")

        date_object = text_to_date(date_text)

        if not date_object:  # parse date_time failed
            msg = "暂不支持查询 {} 的天气".format([city, date_text])
            dispatch.utter_message(msg)
        else:
            try:
                weather_data = get_text_weather_date(city, date_object, date_text)
            except Exception as e:
                exec_msg = str(e)
                dispatch.utter_message(exec_msg)
            else:
                dispatch.utter_message(weather_data)

        return []

测试

rasa train

搜索 心知天气，注册获取免费的 api key
运行动作服务器 SENIVERSE_KEY=XXX rasa run actions
windows set %SENIVERSE_KEY%=xxx

rasa run --cors "*"

python -m http.server

• 测试结果：
  

• 缺少词槽的情况：
  

• 上下文继承