Mysql优化之数据库优化

Mysql 优化分为数据库优化和硬件优化。

1数据库优化

 1.1where语句优化

   1） 移除不必要的括号

  

((a AND b) AND c OR (((a AND b) AND (c AND d))))
-> (a AND b AND c) OR (a AND b AND c AND d)

2）常量覆盖

 (a<b AND b=c) AND a=5
-> b>5 AND b=c AND a=5

3）常量条件移除

(b>=5 AND b=5) OR (b=6 AND 5=5) OR (b=7 AND 5=6)
-> b=5 OR b=6

常量条件查询性能很高，示例如下：

SELECT * FROM t WHERE primary_key=1;
SELECT * FROM t1,t2
  WHERE t1.primary_key=1 AND t2.primary_key=t1.id;

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM tbl_name;

SELECT MIN(key_part1),MAX(key_part1) FROM tbl_name;

SELECT MAX(key_part2) FROM tbl_name
  WHERE key_part1=constant;

SELECT ... FROM tbl_name
  ORDER BY key_part1,key_part2,... LIMIT 10;

SELECT ... FROM tbl_name
  ORDER BY key_part1 DESC, key_part2 DESC, ... LIMIT 10;

COUNT、MIN、MAX、LIMIT关键词查询语句都会很快。

1.2Range优化

1）单个列区间查询

SELECT * FROM t1
  WHERE key_col > 1
  AND key_col < 10;

SELECT * FROM t1
  WHERE key_col = 1
  OR key_col IN (15,18,20);

SELECT * FROM t1
  WHERE key_col LIKE 'ab%'
  OR key_col BETWEEN 'bar' AND 'foo';

2）多个列区间查询