Springboot学习笔记（一）

Spring Boot三大特性

组件自动装配 ：Web MVC,Web Flax,JDBC
嵌入式Web容器：Tomcat,Jetty,Undertow
生产准备特性：指标，健康检查，外部化配置

组件自动装配

激活： @EnableAutoConfiguration
配置： /META-INF/spring.factories

路径：
org\springframework\boot\spring-boot\2.1.1.RELEASE\spring-boot-
2.1.1.RELEASE.jar!\META-INF\spring.factories

以键值对形式配置：
# Application Context Initializers
org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer=\
org.springframework.boot.context.ConfigurationWarningsApplicationContextInitializer,\
org.springframework.boot.context.ContextIdApplicationContextInitializer,\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.DelegatingApplicationContextInitializer,\
org.springframework.boot.web.context.ServerPortInfoApplicationContextInitializer

实现： XXXAutoConfiguration
https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.1.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-spring-mvc-auto-configuration

嵌入式Web容器

Web Servlet 容器：Tomcat,Jetty,Undertow
Web Reactive 容器：Netty Web Server

生产准备特性

用于监控管理应用相关特性

指标：/actuator/metrics (监控cpu，内存，磁盘等利用率)
健康检查：/actuator/health (磁盘，数据库健康检查)
外部化配置：/actuator/configprops

Web应用

传统Servlet应用

• Servlet组件：Servlet，Filter，Listener
• Servlet注册：Servlet注解，Spring Bean，RegistrationBean
• 异步非阻塞：异步Servlet，非阻塞Servlet

Servlet组件

• 实现Servlet注解方式的注册

- @WebServlet注解
URL映射   @WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/my/servlet")
-  继承 HttpServlet
- 注册（启动类添加包扫描注解）
@ServletComponentScan(basePackages = "com.imooc.diveinspringboot.web.servlet")

@WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/my/servelt")
public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
   @Override
   protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
      resp.getWriter().println("servelt");
   }
}

异步非阻塞

异步Servelt

• javax.servlet.ServletRequest#startAsync() javax.
• servlet.AsyncContext

//开启异步  asyncSupported = true
@WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/asyservlet",asyncSupported = true)
public class myservlet extends HttpServlet {
  @Override
  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
      
      AsyncContext asyncContext = req.startAsync();

      asyncContext.start(()->{
          try {
              resp.getWriter().println("servelt");
              //触发完成
              asyncContext.complete();
          } catch (IOException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          }
      });
  }
}

Spring Web MVC 应用

Web MVC 视图

• ViewResolver
• View

模板引擎

• Thymeleaf
• Freemarker
• JSP

内容协商

• ContentNegotiationConfigurer
• ContentNegotiationStrategy
• ContentNegotiatingViewResolver

异常处理

• @ExceptionHandler
• HandlerExceptionResolver
• ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver
• BasicErrorController (Spring Boot)

Web MVC REST

资源服务

• @RequestMapping
• @GetMapping

@RequestMapping(
    method = {RequestMethod.GET}
)
public @interface GetMapping {
    @AliasFor(//委派方式
        annotation = RequestMapping.class
    )

• @ResponseBody
• @RequestBody

资源跨域

• 1.注解驱动 CrossOrigin

  @AliasFor("origins")
   String[] value() default {};

   @AliasFor("value")
   String[] origins() default {};

   String[] allowedHeaders() default {};

   String[] exposedHeaders() default {};

   RequestMethod[] methods() default {};

   String allowCredentials() default "";

   long maxAge() default -1L;
}

• 2.接口编程 WebMvcConfigurer #addCorsMappings

default void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) {}

• 传统解决方案（IFrame，JSONP）

服务发现

• HATEOS

Web MVC 核心

• 核心架构
• 处理流程
• 核心组件
  DispatcherServlet
  HandlerMapping
  HandlerAdapter
  ViewResolver

Spring Web Flux 应用

• Reactor 基础
• Java Lambda
• Mono
• Flux

Web Flux 核心

Web MVC 注解兼容

• @Controller
• @RequestMapping
• @ResponseBody
• @RequestBody

函数式声明

• RouterFunction

异步非阻塞

• Servlet 3.1 +
• Netty Reactor
  视频p=10 00:18