numpy中获得元素下标的方法

numpy.where¶

numpy. where ( condition [,  x,  y ] )

Return elements, either from x or y, depending on condition.

If only condition is given, return condition.nonzero().

Parameters:	condition : array_like, bool When True, yield x, otherwise yield y. x, y : array_like, optional Values from which to choose. x, y and condition need to be broadcastable to some shape.
Returns:	out : ndarray or tuple of ndarrays If both x and y are specified, the output array contains elements of x where condition is True, and elements from y elsewhere. If only condition is given, return the tuple condition.nonzero(), the indices where condition is True.

See also

nonzero, choose

Notes

If x and y are given and input arrays are 1-D, where is equivalent to:

[xv if c else yv for (c,xv,yv) in zip(condition,x,y)]

Examples

>>> np.where([[True, False], [True, True]],
...          [[1, 2], [3, 4]],
...          [[9, 8], [7, 6]])
array([[1, 8],
       [3, 4]])

>>> np.where([[0, 1], [1, 0]])
(array([0, 1]), array([1, 0]))

>>> x = np.arange(9.).reshape(3, 3)
>>> np.where( x > 5 )
(array([2, 2, 2]), array([0, 1, 2]))
>>> x[np.where( x > 3.0 )]               # Note: result is 1D.
array([ 4.,  5.,  6.,  7.,  8.])
>>> np.where(x < 5, x, -1)               # Note: broadcasting.
array([[ 0.,  1.,  2.],
       [ 3.,  4., -1.],
       [-1., -1., -1.]])

Find the indices of elements of x that are in goodvalues.

>>> goodvalues = [3, 4, 7]
>>> ix = np.isin(x, goodvalues)
>>> ix
array([[False, False, False],
       [ True,  True, False],
       [False,  True, False]])
>>> np.where(ix)
(array([1, 1, 2]), array([0, 1, 1]))

numpy.argmax

numpy. argmax ( a,  axis=None,  out=None ) [source]

Returns the indices of the maximum values along an axis.

Parameters:	a : array_like Input array. axis : int, optional By default, the index is into the flattened array, otherwise along the specified axis. out : array, optional If provided, the result will be inserted into this array. It should be of the appropriate shape and dtype.
Returns:	index_array : ndarray of ints Array of indices into the array. It has the same shape as a.shape with the dimension along axis removed.

See also

ndarray.argmax, argmin

amax

The maximum value along a given axis.

unravel_index

Convert a flat index into an index tuple.

Notes

In case of multiple occurrences of the maximum values, the indices corresponding to the first occurrence are returned.

Examples

>>> a = np.arange(6).reshape(2,3)
>>> a
array([[0, 1, 2],
       [3, 4, 5]])
>>> np.argmax(a)
5
>>> np.argmax(a, axis=0)
array([1, 1, 1])
>>> np.argmax(a, axis=1)
array([2, 2])

Indexes of the maximal elements of a N-dimensional array:

>>> ind = np.unravel_index(np.argmax(a, axis=None), a.shape)
>>> ind
(1, 2)
>>> a[ind]
5

>>> b = np.arange(6)
>>> b[1] = 5
>>> b
array([0, 5, 2, 3, 4, 5])
>>> np.argmax(b)  # Only the first occurrence is returned.
1