FreeRTOS学习列表和列表项

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-20 17:02:43 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-07-20 17:02:43 发布

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分类专栏： STM32 文章标签：列表数据结构 freertos

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_23398705/article/details/112637175

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一、术语

一个列表（list）下面可能有很多个列表项（list item）,对比C语言，一般称链表就是列表，节点就是列表项目。
列表与列表项目关系
通常情况下，节点只包含指向下一个节点的指针，要通过链表存储的数据内嵌到一个节点即可。
节点内嵌到一个数据结构中

二、FreeRTOS中链表的实现

1. 数据结构

/*全功能版的列表项xLIST_ITEM*/
struct xLIST_ITEM
{
	listFIRST_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE			/*< Set to a known value if configUSE_LIST_DATA_INTEGRITY_CHECK_BYTES is set to 1. */
	configLIST_VOLATILE TickType_t xItemValue;			/*< The value being listed.  In most cases this is used to sort the list in descending order. */
	struct xLIST_ITEM * configLIST_VOLATILE pxNext;		/*< Pointer to the next ListItem_t in the list. */
	struct xLIST_ITEM * configLIST_VOLATILE pxPrevious;	/*< Pointer to the previous ListItem_t in the list. */
	void * pvOwner;										/*< Pointer to the object (normally a TCB) that contains the list item.  There is therefore a two way link between the object containing the list item and the list item itself. */
	void * configLIST_VOLATILE pvContainer;				/*< Pointer to the list in which this list item is placed (if any). */
	listSECOND_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE			/*< Set to a known value if configUSE_LIST_DATA_INTEGRITY_CHECK_BYTES is set to 1. */
};
typedef struct xLIST_ITEM ListItem_t;					/* For some reason lint wants this as two separate definitions. */

/* 迷你版的列表项xMINI_LIST_ITEM */
struct xMINI_LIST_ITEM
{
	listFIRST_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE			/*< Set to a known value if configUSE_LIST_DATA_INTEGRITY_CHECK_BYTES is set to 1. */
	configLIST_VOLATILE TickType_t xItemValue;
	struct xLIST_ITEM * configLIST_VOLATILE pxNext;
	struct xLIST_ITEM * configLIST_VOLATILE pxPrevious;
};
typedef struct xMINI_LIST_ITEM MiniListItem_t;

/* 列表 */
typedef struct xLIST
{
	listFIRST_LIST_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE				/*< Set to a known value if configUSE_LIST_DATA_INTEGRITY_CHECK_BYTES is set to 1. */
	configLIST_VOLATILE UBaseType_t uxNumberOfItems;
	ListItem_t * configLIST_VOLATILE pxIndex;			/*< Used to walk through the list.  Points to the last item returned by a call to listGET_OWNER_OF_NEXT_ENTRY (). */
	MiniListItem_t xListEnd;							/*< List item that contains the maximum possible item value meaning it is always at the end of the list and is therefore used as a marker. */
	listSECOND_LIST_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE				/*< Set to a known value if configUSE_LIST_DATA_INTEGRITY_CHECK_BYTES is set to 1. */
} List_t;

列表示意图
列表项示意图

xItemValue是列表项值，通常是一个被跟踪的任务优先级或是一个调度事件的计数器值。如果任务因为等待从队列取数据而进入阻塞状态，则任务的事件列表项的列表项值保存任务优先级有关信息，状态列表项的列表项值保存阻塞时间有关的信息
pxNext和pxPrevious是列表项类型指针，用来指向列表中下一个和上一个列表项，通过这两个指针，列表项之间可以形成类似双向链表结构。
指针pvOwner通常指向一个任务TCB。
指针pvContainer指向包含该列表项的列表。
uxNumberOfItems表示该列表中挂接的列表项数目，0表示列表为空。
列表项pxIndex用于遍历列表，列表初始化后，这个指针指向&xListEnd
列表项xListEnd用于标记列表结束

2. 方法
列表操作方法

列表初始化

列表初始化示意图

void vListInitialise( List_t * const pxList )
{
	/* The list structure contains a list item which is used to mark the
	end of the list.  To initialise the list the list end is inserted
	as the only list entry. */
	pxList->pxIndex = ( ListItem_t * ) &( pxList->xListEnd );			/*lint !e826 !e740 The mini list structure is used as the list end to save RAM.  This is checked and valid. */

	/* The list end value is the highest possible value in the list to
	ensure it remains at the end of the list. */
	pxList->xListEnd.xItemValue = portMAX_DELAY;

	/* The list end next and previous pointers point to itself so we know
	when the list is empty. */
	pxList->xListEnd.pxNext = ( ListItem_t * ) &( pxList->xListEnd );	/*lint !e826 !e740 The mini list structure is used as the list end to save RAM.  This is checked and valid. */
	pxList->xListEnd.pxPrevious = ( ListItem_t * ) &( pxList->xListEnd );/*lint !e826 !e740 The mini list structure is used as the list end to save RAM.  This is checked and valid. */

	pxList->uxNumberOfItems = ( UBaseType_t ) 0U;

	/* Write known values into the list if
	configUSE_LIST_DATA_INTEGRITY_CHECK_BYTES is set to 1. */
	listSET_LIST_INTEGRITY_CHECK_1_VALUE( pxList );
	listSET_LIST_INTEGRITY_CHECK_2_VALUE( pxList );
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

初始化列表数目为0，将列表索引指向最后一个节点

列表项初始化

/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

void vListInitialiseItem( ListItem_t * const pxItem )
{
	/* Make sure the list item is not recorded as being on a list. */
	pxItem->pvContainer = NULL;

	/* Write known values into the list item if
	configUSE_LIST_DATA_INTEGRITY_CHECK_BYTES is set to 1. */
	listSET_FIRST_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE( pxItem );
	listSET_SECOND_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE( pxItem );
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

将指针pvContainer设置为空指针，表示列表项不输入任何列表

列表项插入列表中

void vListInsert( List_t * const pxList, ListItem_t * const pxNewListItem )
{
ListItem_t *pxIterator;
const TickType_t xValueOfInsertion = pxNewListItem->xItemValue;

	listTEST_LIST_INTEGRITY( pxList );
	listTEST_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY( pxNewListItem );

	if( xValueOfInsertion == portMAX_DELAY )
	{
		pxIterator = pxList->xListEnd.pxPrevious;
	}
	else
	{
		
		for( pxIterator = ( ListItem_t * ) &( pxList->xListEnd ); pxIterator->pxNext->xItemValue <= xValueOfInsertion; pxIterator = pxIterator->pxNext ) /*lint !e826 !e740 The mini list structure is used as the list end to save RAM.  This is checked and valid. */
		{
			/* There is nothing to do here, just iterating to the wanted
			insertion position. */
		}
	}

	pxNewListItem->pxNext = pxIterator->pxNext;
	pxNewListItem->pxNext->pxPrevious = pxNewListItem;
	pxNewListItem->pxPrevious = pxIterator;
	pxIterator->pxNext = pxNewListItem;

	pxNewListItem->pvContainer = ( void * ) pxList;

	( pxList->uxNumberOfItems )++;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

从根节点开始查找，比较列表项值，将列表项插入列表中

列表项插入示意图

列表项插入列表尾部

void vListInsertEnd( List_t * const pxList, ListItem_t * const pxNewListItem )
{
ListItem_t * const pxIndex = pxList->pxIndex;

	/* Only effective when configASSERT() is also defined, these tests may catch
	the list data structures being overwritten in memory.  They will not catch
	data errors caused by incorrect configuration or use of FreeRTOS. */
	listTEST_LIST_INTEGRITY( pxList );
	listTEST_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY( pxNewListItem );

	/* Insert a new list item into pxList, but rather than sort the list,
	makes the new list item the last item to be removed by a call to
	listGET_OWNER_OF_NEXT_ENTRY(). */
	pxNewListItem->pxNext = pxIndex;
	pxNewListItem->pxPrevious = pxIndex->pxPrevious;

	/* Only used during decision coverage testing. */
	mtCOVERAGE_TEST_DELAY();

	pxIndex->pxPrevious->pxNext = pxNewListItem;
	pxIndex->pxPrevious = pxNewListItem;

	/* Remember which list the item is in. */
	pxNewListItem->pvContainer = ( void * ) pxList;

	( pxList->uxNumberOfItems )++;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

列表项插入列表尾部
实际上是将一列表项插入一个空的列表

列表项的删除

/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

UBaseType_t uxListRemove( ListItem_t * const pxItemToRemove )
{
/* The list item knows which list it is in.  Obtain the list from the list
item. */
List_t * const pxList = ( List_t * ) pxItemToRemove->pvContainer;

	pxItemToRemove->pxNext->pxPrevious = pxItemToRemove->pxPrevious;
	pxItemToRemove->pxPrevious->pxNext = pxItemToRemove->pxNext;

	/* Only used during decision coverage testing. */
	mtCOVERAGE_TEST_DELAY();

	/* Make sure the index is left pointing to a valid item. */
	if( pxList->pxIndex == pxItemToRemove )
	{
		pxList->pxIndex = pxItemToRemove->pxPrevious;
	}
	else
	{
		mtCOVERAGE_TEST_MARKER();
	}

	pxItemToRemove->pvContainer = NULL;
	( pxList->uxNumberOfItems )--;

	return pxList->uxNumberOfItems;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

列表项删除示意图

相关节点操作的宏定义

/*
 * Access macro to set the owner of a list item.  The owner of a list item
 * is the object (usually a TCB) that contains the list item.
 *
 * \page listSET_LIST_ITEM_OWNER listSET_LIST_ITEM_OWNER
 * \ingroup LinkedList
 */
 /* 初始化列表项拥有者 */
#define listSET_LIST_ITEM_OWNER( pxListItem, pxOwner )		( ( pxListItem )->pvOwner = ( void * ) ( pxOwner ) )

/*
 * Access macro to get the owner of a list item.  The owner of a list item
 * is the object (usually a TCB) that contains the list item.
 *
 * \page listSET_LIST_ITEM_OWNER listSET_LIST_ITEM_OWNER
 * \ingroup LinkedList
 */
/*  获取节点拥有者 */
#define listGET_LIST_ITEM_OWNER( pxListItem )	( ( pxListItem )->pvOwner )

/*
 * Access macro to set the value of the list item.  In most cases the value is
 * used to sort the list in descending order.
 *
 * \page listSET_LIST_ITEM_VALUE listSET_LIST_ITEM_VALUE
 * \ingroup LinkedList
 */
 /* 初始化列表项的值，一般用于辅助排序 */
#define listSET_LIST_ITEM_VALUE( pxListItem, xValue )	( ( pxListItem )->xItemValue = ( xValue ) )

/*
 * Access macro to retrieve the value of the list item.  The value can
 * represent anything - for example the priority of a task, or the time at
 * which a task should be unblocked.
 *
 * \page listGET_LIST_ITEM_VALUE listGET_LIST_ITEM_VALUE
 * \ingroup LinkedList
 */
 /* 获取化列表项的值，一般用于辅助排序 */
#define listGET_LIST_ITEM_VALUE( pxListItem )	( ( pxListItem )->xItemValue )

/*
 * Access macro to retrieve the value of the list item at the head of a given
 * list.
 *
 * \page listGET_LIST_ITEM_VALUE listGET_LIST_ITEM_VALUE
 * \ingroup LinkedList
 */
  /* 获取最后一个列表项列表项值 */
#define listGET_ITEM_VALUE_OF_HEAD_ENTRY( pxList )	( ( ( pxList )->xListEnd ).pxNext->xItemValue )

/*
 * Return the list item at the head of the list.
 *
 * \page listGET_HEAD_ENTRY listGET_HEAD_ENTRY
 * \ingroup LinkedList
 */
/*  列表的入口列表项 */
#define listGET_HEAD_ENTRY( pxList )	( ( ( pxList )->xListEnd ).pxNext )

/*
 * Return the list item at the head of the list.
 *
 * \page listGET_NEXT listGET_NEXT
 * \ingroup LinkedList
 */
/*  列表项的后继 */
#define listGET_NEXT( pxListItem )	( ( pxListItem )->pxNext )

/*
 * Return the list item that marks the end of the list
 *
 * \page listGET_END_MARKER listGET_END_MARKER
 * \ingroup LinkedList
 */
 /* 最后一个列表项 */
#define listGET_END_MARKER( pxList )	( ( ListItem_t const * ) ( &( ( pxList )->xListEnd ) ) )

/*
 * Access macro to determine if a list contains any items.  The macro will
 * only have the value true if the list is empty.
 *
 * \page listLIST_IS_EMPTY listLIST_IS_EMPTY
 * \ingroup LinkedList
 */
/* 判断列表是否为空 */
#define listLIST_IS_EMPTY( pxList )	( ( BaseType_t ) ( ( pxList )->uxNumberOfItems == ( UBaseType_t ) 0 ) )

/*
 * Access macro to return the number of items in the list.
 */
  /* 列表中列表项个数 */
#define listCURRENT_LIST_LENGTH( pxList )	( ( pxList )->uxNumberOfItems )

/*
 * Access function to obtain the owner of the next entry in a list.
 *
 * The list member pxIndex is used to walk through a list.  Calling
 * listGET_OWNER_OF_NEXT_ENTRY increments pxIndex to the next item in the list
 * and returns that entry's pxOwner parameter.  Using multiple calls to this
 * function it is therefore possible to move through every item contained in
 * a list.
 *
 * The pxOwner parameter of a list item is a pointer to the object that owns
 * the list item.  In the scheduler this is normally a task control block.
 * The pxOwner parameter effectively creates a two way link between the list
 * item and its owner.
 *
 * @param pxTCB pxTCB is set to the address of the owner of the next list item.
 * @param pxList The list from which the next item owner is to be returned.
 *
 * \page listGET_OWNER_OF_NEXT_ENTRY listGET_OWNER_OF_NEXT_ENTRY
 * \ingroup LinkedList
 */
 /* 列表中第一个列表项的OWNER */
#define listGET_OWNER_OF_NEXT_ENTRY( pxTCB, pxList )										\
{																							\
List_t * const pxConstList = ( pxList );													\
	/* Increment the index to the next item and return the item, ensuring */				\
	/* we don't return the marker used at the end of the list.  */							\
	( pxConstList )->pxIndex = ( pxConstList )->pxIndex->pxNext;							\
	if( ( void * ) ( pxConstList )->pxIndex == ( void * ) &( ( pxConstList )->xListEnd ) )	\
	{																						\
		( pxConstList )->pxIndex = ( pxConstList )->pxIndex->pxNext;						\
	}																						\
	( pxTCB ) = ( pxConstList )->pxIndex->pvOwner;											\
}


/*
 * Access function to obtain the owner of the first entry in a list.  Lists
 * are normally sorted in ascending item value order.
 *
 * This function returns the pxOwner member of the first item in the list.
 * The pxOwner parameter of a list item is a pointer to the object that owns
 * the list item.  In the scheduler this is normally a task control block.
 * The pxOwner parameter effectively creates a two way link between the list
 * item and its owner.
 *
 * @param pxList The list from which the owner of the head item is to be
 * returned.
 *
 * \page listGET_OWNER_OF_HEAD_ENTRY listGET_OWNER_OF_HEAD_ENTRY
 * \ingroup LinkedList
 */
 
/* 获取列表中第一个条目的所有者 */
#define listGET_OWNER_OF_HEAD_ENTRY( pxList )  ( (&( ( pxList )->xListEnd ))->pxNext->pvOwner )

/*
 * Check to see if a list item is within a list.  The list item maintains a
 * "container" pointer that points to the list it is in.  All this macro does
 * is check to see if the container and the list match.
 *
 * @param pxList The list we want to know if the list item is within.
 * @param pxListItem The list item we want to know if is in the list.
 * @return pdTRUE if the list item is in the list, otherwise pdFALSE.
 */
 /* 检查列表项是否在列表中。列表项维护一个指向它所在列表的“容器”指针。这个宏所做的就是检查容器和列表是否匹配 */
#define listIS_CONTAINED_WITHIN( pxList, pxListItem ) ( ( BaseType_t ) ( ( pxListItem )->pvContainer == ( void * ) ( pxList ) ) )

/*
 * Return the list a list item is contained within (referenced from).
 *
 * @param pxListItem The list item being queried.
 * @return A pointer to the List_t object that references the pxListItem
 */
 /* 返回列表项所属容器的指针 */
#define listLIST_ITEM_CONTAINER( pxListItem ) ( ( pxListItem )->pvContainer )

/*
 * This provides a crude means of knowing if a list has been initialised, as
 * pxList->xListEnd.xItemValue is set to portMAX_DELAY by the vListInitialise()
 * function.
 */
/*  列表是否已经初始化 */
#define listLIST_IS_INITIALISED( pxList ) ( ( pxList )->xListEnd.xItemValue == portMAX_DELAY )

文章参考：
双向链表插入、删除节点（详细图解+代码）
FreeRTOS高级篇1—FreeRTOS列表和列表项

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FreeRTOS学习列表和列表项

一、术语一个列表（list）下面可能有很多个列表项（list item）,对比C语言，一般称链表就是列表，节点就是列表项目。通常情况下，节点只包含指向下一个节点的指针，要通过链表存储的数据内嵌到一个节点即可。二、FreeRTOS中链表的实现1. 数据结构/*全功能版的列表项xLIST_ITEM*/struct xLIST_ITEM{ listFIRST_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE /*< Set to a known value if con
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